Potential Associations between Vascular Biology and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: An Overview

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is an important part of the body’s immune system. This type of cancer involves a set of molecules and cells that promote tumor survival. Some structures found in the tumor niche are associated with vascular biology, which integrates a network of molecules and cells that play a fundamental role in nutrition and oxygen supply to tissues, including tumors. Thus, the main objective of this study was to improve our knowledge of the relationship between vascular biology and Hodgkin’s lymphoma and to enable new studies on disease intervention. Here, we describe the main cells and molecules associated with tumors that play a role in vascular biology. Additionally, this study addresses the main models of disease experimentation. ABSTRACT: Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular biology. The connection between vascular biology and HL is intricate and the roles of several pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular relationships between vascular biology and HL. Proteins associated with various functions in vascular biology, including cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-13, and IL-21), chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL12, and CCL21), adhesion molecules (ELAM-1/VCAM-1), and growth factors (BDNF/NT-3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α), have been linked to tumor activity. Notable tumor activities include the induction of paracrine activation of NF-kB-dependent pathways, upregulation of adhesion molecule regulation, genome amplification, and effective loss of antigen presentation mediated by MHC-II. Preclinical study models, primarily those using cell culture, have been optimized for HL. Animal models, particularly mice, are also used as alternatives to complex biological systems, with studies primarily focusing on the physiopathogenic evaluation of the disease. These biomolecules warrant further study because they may shed light on obscure pathways and serve as targets for prevention and/or treatment interventions.