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The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible

The ancient southern Levantine city of Gezer is well-known from Egyptian, Biblical and Assyrian sources, associated with power struggles, conquests, and intriguing tales involving figures such as Milkilu and Amenhotep III, Merneptah, the Philistines, Solomon and his unidentified pharaonic father-in-...

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Autores principales: Webster, Lyndelle C., Wolff, Samuel R., Ortiz, Steven M., Barbosa, Marcella, Coyle, Cameron, Arbino, Gary P., Dee, Michael W., Hua, Quan, Jacobsen, Geraldine E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37967047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293119
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author Webster, Lyndelle C.
Wolff, Samuel R.
Ortiz, Steven M.
Barbosa, Marcella
Coyle, Cameron
Arbino, Gary P.
Dee, Michael W.
Hua, Quan
Jacobsen, Geraldine E.
author_facet Webster, Lyndelle C.
Wolff, Samuel R.
Ortiz, Steven M.
Barbosa, Marcella
Coyle, Cameron
Arbino, Gary P.
Dee, Michael W.
Hua, Quan
Jacobsen, Geraldine E.
author_sort Webster, Lyndelle C.
collection PubMed
description The ancient southern Levantine city of Gezer is well-known from Egyptian, Biblical and Assyrian sources, associated with power struggles, conquests, and intriguing tales involving figures such as Milkilu and Amenhotep III, Merneptah, the Philistines, Solomon and his unidentified pharaonic father-in-law, and Shishak / Sheshonq I. Since the identity of Gezer with “Tell Jezer” is quite literally ‘set in stone’ by some dozen boundary inscriptions, along with impressive Bronze and Iron Age remains, research at this site provides a unique opportunity to compare text and archaeology, as well as bring to light the undocumented everyday lives of the city’s inhabitants. In this endeavour, independent scientific dating is crucial for anchoring the remains chronologically. This paper presents the first substantial radiocarbon dataset and Bayesian chronological analysis for Gezer spanning the last part of the Late Bronze Age (LBA; LB IIB) through Iron Age II. The dataset derives from an essentially continuous stratigraphic sequence exposed in recent years by the Tandy expedition along the central-southern edge of the site. The results allow us for the first time to independently determine the site chronology, test the viability (from a chronological perspective) of proposed historical correlations, and contribute to debates on Philistine and Iron Age chronology.
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spelling pubmed-106510102023-11-15 The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible Webster, Lyndelle C. Wolff, Samuel R. Ortiz, Steven M. Barbosa, Marcella Coyle, Cameron Arbino, Gary P. Dee, Michael W. Hua, Quan Jacobsen, Geraldine E. PLoS One Research Article The ancient southern Levantine city of Gezer is well-known from Egyptian, Biblical and Assyrian sources, associated with power struggles, conquests, and intriguing tales involving figures such as Milkilu and Amenhotep III, Merneptah, the Philistines, Solomon and his unidentified pharaonic father-in-law, and Shishak / Sheshonq I. Since the identity of Gezer with “Tell Jezer” is quite literally ‘set in stone’ by some dozen boundary inscriptions, along with impressive Bronze and Iron Age remains, research at this site provides a unique opportunity to compare text and archaeology, as well as bring to light the undocumented everyday lives of the city’s inhabitants. In this endeavour, independent scientific dating is crucial for anchoring the remains chronologically. This paper presents the first substantial radiocarbon dataset and Bayesian chronological analysis for Gezer spanning the last part of the Late Bronze Age (LBA; LB IIB) through Iron Age II. The dataset derives from an essentially continuous stratigraphic sequence exposed in recent years by the Tandy expedition along the central-southern edge of the site. The results allow us for the first time to independently determine the site chronology, test the viability (from a chronological perspective) of proposed historical correlations, and contribute to debates on Philistine and Iron Age chronology. Public Library of Science 2023-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10651010/ /pubmed/37967047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293119 Text en © 2023 Webster et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Webster, Lyndelle C.
Wolff, Samuel R.
Ortiz, Steven M.
Barbosa, Marcella
Coyle, Cameron
Arbino, Gary P.
Dee, Michael W.
Hua, Quan
Jacobsen, Geraldine E.
The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title_full The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title_fullStr The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title_full_unstemmed The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title_short The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
title_sort chronology of gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age ii: a meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the bible
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37967047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293119
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