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Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia

Candidemia caused by rare and uncommon Candida species is becoming more prevalent in pediatric healthcare settings, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. One such species, Candida palmioleophila, is resistant to fluconazole but highly susceptible to echinocandins. Here, we report the fir...

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Autores principales: Aboutalebian, Shima, Nikmanesh, Bahram, Mohammadpour, Masoud, Charsizadeh, Arezoo, Mirhendi, Hossein
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10652749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38029248
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1277607
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author Aboutalebian, Shima
Nikmanesh, Bahram
Mohammadpour, Masoud
Charsizadeh, Arezoo
Mirhendi, Hossein
author_facet Aboutalebian, Shima
Nikmanesh, Bahram
Mohammadpour, Masoud
Charsizadeh, Arezoo
Mirhendi, Hossein
author_sort Aboutalebian, Shima
collection PubMed
description Candidemia caused by rare and uncommon Candida species is becoming more prevalent in pediatric healthcare settings, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. One such species, Candida palmioleophila, is resistant to fluconazole but highly susceptible to echinocandins. Here, we report the first documented case of C. palmioleophila candidemia in Iran that occurred in a male infant with biliary atresia who had been hospitalized for 2 months. The patient’s blood and urine cultures were positive for both yeast and bacterial species. Through DNA sequence analysis, the yeast isolate was identified as C. palmioleophila. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolate against amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, isavuconazole, posaconazole, and nystatin revealed MIC values of 2, 16, 0.25, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, and 4 μg/mL, respectively, and minimum effective concentration for caspofungin was 0.031 μg/mL. Despite receiving antibacterial and antifungal therapies, the patient unfortunately expired due to bradycardia and hypoxemia. Proper identification and epidemiological surveillance studies are needed to understand the exact prevalence of these emerging yeast pathogens. Previously reported cases of C. palmioleophila infection, primarily associated with bloodstream infections and catheter-related candidemia, were reviewed.
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spelling pubmed-106527492023-01-01 Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia Aboutalebian, Shima Nikmanesh, Bahram Mohammadpour, Masoud Charsizadeh, Arezoo Mirhendi, Hossein Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Candidemia caused by rare and uncommon Candida species is becoming more prevalent in pediatric healthcare settings, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. One such species, Candida palmioleophila, is resistant to fluconazole but highly susceptible to echinocandins. Here, we report the first documented case of C. palmioleophila candidemia in Iran that occurred in a male infant with biliary atresia who had been hospitalized for 2 months. The patient’s blood and urine cultures were positive for both yeast and bacterial species. Through DNA sequence analysis, the yeast isolate was identified as C. palmioleophila. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolate against amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, isavuconazole, posaconazole, and nystatin revealed MIC values of 2, 16, 0.25, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, and 4 μg/mL, respectively, and minimum effective concentration for caspofungin was 0.031 μg/mL. Despite receiving antibacterial and antifungal therapies, the patient unfortunately expired due to bradycardia and hypoxemia. Proper identification and epidemiological surveillance studies are needed to understand the exact prevalence of these emerging yeast pathogens. Previously reported cases of C. palmioleophila infection, primarily associated with bloodstream infections and catheter-related candidemia, were reviewed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10652749/ /pubmed/38029248 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1277607 Text en Copyright © 2023 Aboutalebian, Nikmanesh, Mohammadpour, Charsizadeh and Mirhendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Aboutalebian, Shima
Nikmanesh, Bahram
Mohammadpour, Masoud
Charsizadeh, Arezoo
Mirhendi, Hossein
Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title_full Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title_fullStr Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title_full_unstemmed Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title_short Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
title_sort candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10652749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38029248
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1277607
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