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Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics

High-refractive index plastics are useful materials due to their optical properties, ease of processing, and low-costs compared to their inorganic counterparts. Catalytic carbon disulfide (CS(2)) copolymerization with epoxides is one method for producing low-cost high refractive index polymers. The...

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Autores principales: Schwarz, Derek B., Patil, Anvay, Singla, Saranshu, Dhinojwala, Ali, Eagan, James M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10652881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38025056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1287528
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author Schwarz, Derek B.
Patil, Anvay
Singla, Saranshu
Dhinojwala, Ali
Eagan, James M.
author_facet Schwarz, Derek B.
Patil, Anvay
Singla, Saranshu
Dhinojwala, Ali
Eagan, James M.
author_sort Schwarz, Derek B.
collection PubMed
description High-refractive index plastics are useful materials due to their optical properties, ease of processing, and low-costs compared to their inorganic counterparts. Catalytic carbon disulfide (CS(2)) copolymerization with epoxides is one method for producing low-cost high refractive index polymers. The reaction is accompanied by an oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction which produces irregular microstructures in the repeating units. In this study, metal salen catalysts were investigated with different metal centers (Al, Cr, Co) and salen ligand electronics, sterics, backbones, and co-catalyst in the copolymerization of CS(2) with propylene oxide (PO) and cyclohexene oxide (CHO). The results reveal the essential nature of Cr metal centers on reactivity and the backbone geometry on monomer selectivity. There were no significant impacts on the O-S exchange reaction when ligand design changed, however PO and CHO/CS(2) copolymers yield different monothiocarbonate microstructures. Additionally, the effects of microstructure on optical and thermal properties were investigated using spectroscopic ellipsometry and calorimetry, respectively. The CHO system produced high T (g) plastics (93°C) with high refractive indexes (n up to 1.64), modest absorbance (κ < 0.020), and Abbe numbers of 32.2 while PO yielded low T (g) adhesives (T (g) = 9°C) with high refractive indexes (n up to 1.73), low absorbance (κ < 0.005), and low Abbe numbers (V (D) = 19.1).
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spelling pubmed-106528812023-01-01 Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics Schwarz, Derek B. Patil, Anvay Singla, Saranshu Dhinojwala, Ali Eagan, James M. Front Chem Chemistry High-refractive index plastics are useful materials due to their optical properties, ease of processing, and low-costs compared to their inorganic counterparts. Catalytic carbon disulfide (CS(2)) copolymerization with epoxides is one method for producing low-cost high refractive index polymers. The reaction is accompanied by an oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction which produces irregular microstructures in the repeating units. In this study, metal salen catalysts were investigated with different metal centers (Al, Cr, Co) and salen ligand electronics, sterics, backbones, and co-catalyst in the copolymerization of CS(2) with propylene oxide (PO) and cyclohexene oxide (CHO). The results reveal the essential nature of Cr metal centers on reactivity and the backbone geometry on monomer selectivity. There were no significant impacts on the O-S exchange reaction when ligand design changed, however PO and CHO/CS(2) copolymers yield different monothiocarbonate microstructures. Additionally, the effects of microstructure on optical and thermal properties were investigated using spectroscopic ellipsometry and calorimetry, respectively. The CHO system produced high T (g) plastics (93°C) with high refractive indexes (n up to 1.64), modest absorbance (κ < 0.020), and Abbe numbers of 32.2 while PO yielded low T (g) adhesives (T (g) = 9°C) with high refractive indexes (n up to 1.73), low absorbance (κ < 0.005), and low Abbe numbers (V (D) = 19.1). Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10652881/ /pubmed/38025056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1287528 Text en Copyright © 2023 Schwarz, Patil, Singla, Dhinojwala and Eagan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Chemistry
Schwarz, Derek B.
Patil, Anvay
Singla, Saranshu
Dhinojwala, Ali
Eagan, James M.
Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title_full Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title_fullStr Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title_full_unstemmed Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title_short Metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
title_sort metal-catalyzed copolymerizations of epoxides and carbon disulfide for high-refractive index low absorbance adhesives and plastics
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10652881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38025056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1287528
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