Analysis of the clinical characteristics and prognosis of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (none APL) with PTPN11 mutations

We discuss the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of adult individuals with PTPN11 mutations who have developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (none acute promyelocytic leukemia). Next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to detect 51 gene mutations, and multiplex-PCR was used to detect 41 fusion genes from 232 de novo adult AML patients retrospectively. About 7.76% patients harbored PTPN11 mutations, 20 PTPN11 alterations were identified, all of which were missense mutations in the N-SH2 (n = 16) and PTP (n = 4) domains located in exon 3. Patients with PTPN11 (mut) had significantly higher platelet counts and hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001), which were mainly detected in M5 (n = 12, 66.67%, p < 0.001) subtype. Patients with MLL-AF6 positive showed a higher frequency of PTPN11 (mut) (p = 0.018) in the 118 AML cases. PTPN11 (mut) were accompanied by other mutations, which were NPM1 (44.44%), DNMT3A (38.89%), FLT3 (38.89%), and NRAS (17.2%). PTPN11 (mut) had a negative impact on the complete remission rate in M5 subtype patients (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant effect on overall survival (OS) with PTPN11 (mut) patients in the whole cohort and age group (p > 0.05) was observed. Further analysis revealed no significant difference in OS among NPM1 (mut)/PTPN11 (mut), NPM1 (mut)/PTPN11 (wt), DNMT3A (mut)/PTPN11 (mut), and DNMT3A (mut)/PTPN11 (wt) patients (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed the proportion of bone marrow blasts ≥65.4% was a factor significantly affecting OS in PTPN11 (mut) patients (p = 0.043).