Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Yoruba lequesne algofunctional index of knee osteoarthritis among patients with knee osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND: The Lequesne Algofunctional Index of Knee Osteoarthritis (LAIKOA) is a widely used knee osteoarthritis (KOA) outcome measure and is recommended by many international authorities. It has been cross-culturally adapted to many languages, excluding indigenous Nigerian languages. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the LAIKOA into Yoruba language. METHODS: This was a validation study. Yoruba LAIKOA was translated and culturally adapted from English version following Beaton’s guidelines (including cognitive debriefing). The Yoruba LAIKOA was psychometrically tested for test-retest reliability, standard error of measurements (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC), internal consistency, and construct validity among 108 Yoruba-speaking patients with KOA recruited from selected hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants completed the Yoruba and English versions of LAIKOA, and the Yoruba version of Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Measure (IKHOAM). RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 63.60 ± 11.77 years. Acceptable internal consistency was observed for the global index and function domain (α = 0.63–0.82) and good test-retest for items and domains (ICC = 0.81–0.995). Item-to-scale correlation was significant (r = 0.28–0.69). Its three domains demonstrated structural validity when subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.02). Construct validity was supported by the correlation between Yoruba LAIKOA and IKHOAM (r = -0.39, p = 0.011). The overall scores and domain scores of the Yoruba and English versions of LAIKOA did not differ significantly. The Yoruba LAIKOA has no floor or ceiling effects. CONCLUSION: The Yoruba LAIKOA is reliable and valid, and it is recommended for use in clinical settings in southwestern Nigeria and other Yoruba-speaking populations.