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The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial
BACKGROUND: Some of the women experience low self-esteem and negative body image in pregnancy and postpartum. These two factors along with other factors can reduce the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among women. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the psychological approaches that is effecti...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657559/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37980540 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01363-4 |
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author | Zamiri-Miandoab, Nasrin Mirghafourvand, Mojgan Nemati, Fatemeh Kamalifard, Mahin |
author_facet | Zamiri-Miandoab, Nasrin Mirghafourvand, Mojgan Nemati, Fatemeh Kamalifard, Mahin |
author_sort | Zamiri-Miandoab, Nasrin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Some of the women experience low self-esteem and negative body image in pregnancy and postpartum. These two factors along with other factors can reduce the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among women. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the psychological approaches that is effective on the betterment of many of the psychological and personality disorders such as body image disorders as well as improvement of self-esteem. The aim of this randomized control trial is to recognize the effects of CBT during pregnancy period on self-esteem, body image (primary outcome) and exclusive breastfeeding (secondary outcome). METHOD: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 eligible pregnant women referring to health centers of Tabriz- Iran were assigned to two groups of 35 as intervention and control groups using randomized blocking method. For intervention group, 8 sessions of CBT based on Cash and Strachan’s body image protocol and Michael Freeʼs for self-esteem were performed. Control group was received routine pregnancy care by their health provider. Rosenberg self-esteem scale and multidimensional body self-relation questionnaire (MBSRQ) were completed before intervention, immediately after intervention and 4 weeks after delivery. Likewise, exclusive breastfeeding questionnaire was completed 4 weeks after childbirth. Independent t-test, chi square and repeated measures ANOVA tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: According to repeated measures ANOVA test and with controlling baseline score, the mean scores on self-esteem (AMD): 7.18; 95%confidence interval (CI): 4.43 to 9.94; p < 0.001)) and body image (AMD: 49.74; 95%CI = 28.57 to 70.91; p < 0.001) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. Also, after intervention, the mean score of body image subscales including appearance evaluation (p = 0.010), appearance orientation (p = 0.001), fitness evaluation (p = 0.004), fitness orientation (p = 0.001), health evaluation (p = 0.001), health orientation (p = 0.018), and illness orientation (p = 0.002) was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: CBT was effective on the improvement of self-esteem and body image and through which might lead to the increase of exclusive breastfeeding among women. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT20110524006582N33. First Date of registration: 17/10/2022. Submission ID 4ca86cd4-8459-4b86-9fe5-63f6a8184956. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10657559 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106575592023-11-18 The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial Zamiri-Miandoab, Nasrin Mirghafourvand, Mojgan Nemati, Fatemeh Kamalifard, Mahin BMC Psychol Research BACKGROUND: Some of the women experience low self-esteem and negative body image in pregnancy and postpartum. These two factors along with other factors can reduce the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among women. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the psychological approaches that is effective on the betterment of many of the psychological and personality disorders such as body image disorders as well as improvement of self-esteem. The aim of this randomized control trial is to recognize the effects of CBT during pregnancy period on self-esteem, body image (primary outcome) and exclusive breastfeeding (secondary outcome). METHOD: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 eligible pregnant women referring to health centers of Tabriz- Iran were assigned to two groups of 35 as intervention and control groups using randomized blocking method. For intervention group, 8 sessions of CBT based on Cash and Strachan’s body image protocol and Michael Freeʼs for self-esteem were performed. Control group was received routine pregnancy care by their health provider. Rosenberg self-esteem scale and multidimensional body self-relation questionnaire (MBSRQ) were completed before intervention, immediately after intervention and 4 weeks after delivery. Likewise, exclusive breastfeeding questionnaire was completed 4 weeks after childbirth. Independent t-test, chi square and repeated measures ANOVA tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: According to repeated measures ANOVA test and with controlling baseline score, the mean scores on self-esteem (AMD): 7.18; 95%confidence interval (CI): 4.43 to 9.94; p < 0.001)) and body image (AMD: 49.74; 95%CI = 28.57 to 70.91; p < 0.001) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. Also, after intervention, the mean score of body image subscales including appearance evaluation (p = 0.010), appearance orientation (p = 0.001), fitness evaluation (p = 0.004), fitness orientation (p = 0.001), health evaluation (p = 0.001), health orientation (p = 0.018), and illness orientation (p = 0.002) was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: CBT was effective on the improvement of self-esteem and body image and through which might lead to the increase of exclusive breastfeeding among women. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT20110524006582N33. First Date of registration: 17/10/2022. Submission ID 4ca86cd4-8459-4b86-9fe5-63f6a8184956. BioMed Central 2023-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10657559/ /pubmed/37980540 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01363-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Zamiri-Miandoab, Nasrin Mirghafourvand, Mojgan Nemati, Fatemeh Kamalifard, Mahin The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title | The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title_full | The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title_fullStr | The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title_full_unstemmed | The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title_short | The effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
title_sort | effect of counseling with cognitive behavior approach on self-esteem and body image in lactating mothers: randomized clinical trial |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657559/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37980540 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01363-4 |
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