Investigating Forkhead Box O Transcription Factor 1 Gene’s Relation to Immunoglobulin E in House Dust Mite-Allergic Asthma Patients

HIGHLIGHTS: What are the main findings? Subcutaneous immunotherapy is a long-term effective immunotherapy; Immunity biomarkers such as IgE, FoxO1, and Sirtuin 1 are important biomarkers that have potential roles in the pathogenesis of asthma and remission of clinical symptoms. What is the implication of the main finding? There is correlation between IgE, FoxO1, and Sirtuin 1; Further broader-scale studies are needed to determine a novel protocol for the control and remission of clinical symptoms of HDM-allergic asthma. ABSTRACT: House dust mite (HDM)-allergic asthma is an abnormal immune response to extrinsic aeroallergens found in human vicinities. Studying the role of the associated immunity biomarkers and their interplay helps in discovering novel therapeutic strategies that can be used in adjunct with effective long-term immunotherapy. This study investigates the total serum IgE, FoxO1, and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) gene expressions in HDM-allergic asthma patients. We enrolled 40 patients for each of the following three groups: an HV group of healthy volunteers and HDM/AA and HDM/SCIT groups of HDM-allergic asthma patients who did not and who did receive immunotherapy before recruitment in this study, respectively. The results elucidated that total IgE was strikingly elevated in the HDM/AA group and showed little decline in the HDM/SCIT group. Both FoxO1 and SIRT1 gene expressions showed the highest levels in the HDM/SCIT group. There was a negative correlation between total IgE and both FoxO1 and SIRT1 in the HDM/AA group while there was a positive correlation with SIRT1 in the HDM/SCIT group. In conclusion, the interplay of the three immunity biomarkers related to HDM-allergic asthma after the course of immunotherapy treatment suggests further, broader studies on the feasibility of their role as immunity biomarkers in the control and remission of HDM-allergic asthma.