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The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study
Although gray matter atrophy is commonly observed with aging, it is highly variable, even among healthy people of the same age. This raises the question of what other factors may contribute to gray matter atrophy. Previous studies have reported that risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases are asso...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10661200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38027770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21567 |
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author | Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan Wilms, Matthias Forkert, Nils D. |
author_facet | Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan Wilms, Matthias Forkert, Nils D. |
author_sort | Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although gray matter atrophy is commonly observed with aging, it is highly variable, even among healthy people of the same age. This raises the question of what other factors may contribute to gray matter atrophy. Previous studies have reported that risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases are associated with accelerated brain aging. However, these studies were primarily based on standard correlation analyses, which do not unveil a causal relationship. While randomized controlled trials are typically required to investigate true causality, in this work, we investigated an alternative method by exploring data-driven causal discovery and inference techniques on observational data. Accordingly, this feasibility study used clinical and quantified gray matter volume data from 22,793 subjects from the UK biobank cohort without any known neurological disease. Our method identified that age, sex, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and smoking exhibit a causal relationship with gray matter volume. Interventions on the causal network revealed that higher BMI and BFP values significantly increased the chance of gray matter atrophy in males, whereas this was not the case in females. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10661200 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106612002023-10-31 The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan Wilms, Matthias Forkert, Nils D. Heliyon Research Article Although gray matter atrophy is commonly observed with aging, it is highly variable, even among healthy people of the same age. This raises the question of what other factors may contribute to gray matter atrophy. Previous studies have reported that risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases are associated with accelerated brain aging. However, these studies were primarily based on standard correlation analyses, which do not unveil a causal relationship. While randomized controlled trials are typically required to investigate true causality, in this work, we investigated an alternative method by exploring data-driven causal discovery and inference techniques on observational data. Accordingly, this feasibility study used clinical and quantified gray matter volume data from 22,793 subjects from the UK biobank cohort without any known neurological disease. Our method identified that age, sex, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and smoking exhibit a causal relationship with gray matter volume. Interventions on the causal network revealed that higher BMI and BFP values significantly increased the chance of gray matter atrophy in males, whereas this was not the case in females. Elsevier 2023-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10661200/ /pubmed/38027770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21567 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan Wilms, Matthias Forkert, Nils D. The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title | The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title_full | The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title_fullStr | The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title_full_unstemmed | The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title_short | The causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: An exploratory study |
title_sort | causal link between cardiometabolic risk factors and gray matter atrophy: an exploratory study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10661200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38027770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21567 |
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