Kosmetische und funktionelle Ergebnisse nach Resektion kutaner Neurofibrome bei Neurofibromatose I: Die Operation von Neurofibromen führt zu einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität bei moderaten Komplikationen

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1, also known as Recklinghausen’s disease, is a neurocutaneous tumor syndrome that is genetically determined and is associated with infestation of the integument with neurofibromas (nerve sheath tumors). The occurrence of neurofibromas can be very stressful for patients and often contributes to a reduced quality of life for patients, especially if externally visible body parts are affected. The aim of this study is to show to what extent the resection of cutaneous neurofibromas can improve patients’ quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this study, we conducted a retrospective data collection via questionnaire on the quality of life before and after the surgical removal of cutaneous neurofibromas at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Tübingen. An adapted dermatological quality of life index and a postoperative questionnaire on patient satisfaction were used. In addition, patient data were taken from doctor’s notes, surgical reports, and outpatient documentation. A total of 30 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 who underwent inpatient or outpatient surgery for cutaneous neurofibromas at the Tübingen dermatology hospital between 2016 and 2020 were surveyed. The survey results were statistically analyzed and represented as absolute and relative frequencies. RESULTS: Our study indicates an improved quality of life after surgery for cutaneous neurofibromas, especially regarding limitations in everyday life, self-consciousness, the choice of clothing, and leisure activities. The majority of our patients showed no new occurrence of neurofibromas in the surgical area and postoperative bleeding or wound infections were rare. CONCLUSION: In relation to the high level of satisfaction with the surgical and cosmetic results and also the positive influence on quality of life, our study indicates a favorable risk–benefit ratio for the resection of cutaneous neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis I.