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Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects approximately 50–70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy has a significant economic and social burden on patients as well as on the country. The recurrent, spontaneous seizure activity caused by abnormal neuronal firing in the brain...

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Autor principal: Belete, Tafere Mulaw
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38020406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09727531231185991
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author Belete, Tafere Mulaw
author_facet Belete, Tafere Mulaw
author_sort Belete, Tafere Mulaw
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects approximately 50–70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy has a significant economic and social burden on patients as well as on the country. The recurrent, spontaneous seizure activity caused by abnormal neuronal firing in the brain is a hallmark of epilepsy. The current antiepileptic drugs provide symptomatic relief by restoring the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Besides, about 30% of epileptic patients do not achieve seizure control. The prevalence of adverse drug reactions, including aggression, agitation, irritability, and associated comorbidities, is also prevalent. Therefore, researchers should focus on developing more effective, safe, and disease-modifying agents based on new molecular targets and signaling cascades. SUMMARY: This review overviews several clinical trials that help identify promising new targets like lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors, c-jun n-terminal kinases, high mobility group box-1 antibodies, astrocyte reactivity inhibitors, cholesterol 24-hydroxylase inhibitors, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitors, and glycolytic inhibitors to develop a new antiepileptic drug. KEY MESSAGES: Approximately 30% of epileptic patients do not achieve seizure control. The current anti-seizure drugs are not disease modifying, cure or prevent epilepsy. Lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, cholesterol 24-hydroxylase inhibitor, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors have a promising antiepileptogenic effect.
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spelling pubmed-106622712023-10-01 Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets Belete, Tafere Mulaw Ann Neurosci Review Articles BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects approximately 50–70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy has a significant economic and social burden on patients as well as on the country. The recurrent, spontaneous seizure activity caused by abnormal neuronal firing in the brain is a hallmark of epilepsy. The current antiepileptic drugs provide symptomatic relief by restoring the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Besides, about 30% of epileptic patients do not achieve seizure control. The prevalence of adverse drug reactions, including aggression, agitation, irritability, and associated comorbidities, is also prevalent. Therefore, researchers should focus on developing more effective, safe, and disease-modifying agents based on new molecular targets and signaling cascades. SUMMARY: This review overviews several clinical trials that help identify promising new targets like lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors, c-jun n-terminal kinases, high mobility group box-1 antibodies, astrocyte reactivity inhibitors, cholesterol 24-hydroxylase inhibitors, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitors, and glycolytic inhibitors to develop a new antiepileptic drug. KEY MESSAGES: Approximately 30% of epileptic patients do not achieve seizure control. The current anti-seizure drugs are not disease modifying, cure or prevent epilepsy. Lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, cholesterol 24-hydroxylase inhibitor, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors have a promising antiepileptogenic effect. SAGE Publications 2023-08-17 2023-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10662271/ /pubmed/38020406 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09727531231185991 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review Articles
Belete, Tafere Mulaw
Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title_full Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title_fullStr Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title_full_unstemmed Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title_short Recent Progress in the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs with Novel Targets
title_sort recent progress in the development of new antiepileptic drugs with novel targets
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38020406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09727531231185991
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