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A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period

To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-Jan...

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Autores principales: Marraccini, Chiara, Merolle, Lucia, Schiroli, Davide, Razzoli, Agnese, Gavioli, Gaia, Iotti, Barbara, Baricchi, Roberto, Ottone, Marta, Mancuso, Pamela, Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37988390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294272
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author Marraccini, Chiara
Merolle, Lucia
Schiroli, Davide
Razzoli, Agnese
Gavioli, Gaia
Iotti, Barbara
Baricchi, Roberto
Ottone, Marta
Mancuso, Pamela
Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
author_facet Marraccini, Chiara
Merolle, Lucia
Schiroli, Davide
Razzoli, Agnese
Gavioli, Gaia
Iotti, Barbara
Baricchi, Roberto
Ottone, Marta
Mancuso, Pamela
Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
author_sort Marraccini, Chiara
collection PubMed
description To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification.
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spelling pubmed-106627682023-11-21 A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period Marraccini, Chiara Merolle, Lucia Schiroli, Davide Razzoli, Agnese Gavioli, Gaia Iotti, Barbara Baricchi, Roberto Ottone, Marta Mancuso, Pamela Giorgi Rossi, Paolo PLoS One Research Article To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification. Public Library of Science 2023-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10662768/ /pubmed/37988390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294272 Text en © 2023 Marraccini et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Marraccini, Chiara
Merolle, Lucia
Schiroli, Davide
Razzoli, Agnese
Gavioli, Gaia
Iotti, Barbara
Baricchi, Roberto
Ottone, Marta
Mancuso, Pamela
Giorgi Rossi, Paolo
A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title_full A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title_fullStr A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title_full_unstemmed A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title_short A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
title_sort cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of italian blood donors as possible risk factors of covid-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-omicron period
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37988390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294272
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