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Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. Over 1,000 risk genes have now been implicated in ASD, suggesting diverse etiology. However, the diagnostic criteria for the disorder still comprise two major behavioral domains - deficits in social c...

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Autores principales: Cording, Katherine R., Bateup, Helen S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10663323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38026686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2023.1270489
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author Cording, Katherine R.
Bateup, Helen S.
author_facet Cording, Katherine R.
Bateup, Helen S.
author_sort Cording, Katherine R.
collection PubMed
description Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. Over 1,000 risk genes have now been implicated in ASD, suggesting diverse etiology. However, the diagnostic criteria for the disorder still comprise two major behavioral domains - deficits in social communication and interaction, and the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior (RRBs). The RRBs associated with ASD include both stereotyped repetitive movements and other motor manifestations including changes in gait, balance, coordination, and motor skill learning. In recent years, the striatum, the primary input center of the basal ganglia, has been implicated in these ASD-associated motor behaviors, due to the striatum’s role in action selection, motor learning, and habit formation. Numerous mouse models with mutations in ASD risk genes have been developed and shown to have alterations in ASD-relevant behaviors. One commonly used assay, the accelerating rotarod, allows for assessment of both basic motor coordination and motor skill learning. In this corticostriatal-dependent task, mice walk on a rotating rod that gradually increases in speed. In the extended version of this task, mice engage striatal-dependent learning mechanisms to optimize their motor routine and stay on the rod for longer periods. This review summarizes the findings of studies examining rotarod performance across a range of ASD mouse models, and the resulting implications for the involvement of striatal circuits in ASD-related motor behaviors. While performance in this task is not uniform across mouse models, there is a cohort of models that show increased rotarod performance. A growing number of studies suggest that this increased propensity to learn a fixed motor routine may reflect a common enhancement of corticostriatal drive across a subset of mice with mutations in ASD-risk genes.
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spelling pubmed-106633232023-01-01 Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder Cording, Katherine R. Bateup, Helen S. Front Cell Neurosci Cellular Neuroscience Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. Over 1,000 risk genes have now been implicated in ASD, suggesting diverse etiology. However, the diagnostic criteria for the disorder still comprise two major behavioral domains - deficits in social communication and interaction, and the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior (RRBs). The RRBs associated with ASD include both stereotyped repetitive movements and other motor manifestations including changes in gait, balance, coordination, and motor skill learning. In recent years, the striatum, the primary input center of the basal ganglia, has been implicated in these ASD-associated motor behaviors, due to the striatum’s role in action selection, motor learning, and habit formation. Numerous mouse models with mutations in ASD risk genes have been developed and shown to have alterations in ASD-relevant behaviors. One commonly used assay, the accelerating rotarod, allows for assessment of both basic motor coordination and motor skill learning. In this corticostriatal-dependent task, mice walk on a rotating rod that gradually increases in speed. In the extended version of this task, mice engage striatal-dependent learning mechanisms to optimize their motor routine and stay on the rod for longer periods. This review summarizes the findings of studies examining rotarod performance across a range of ASD mouse models, and the resulting implications for the involvement of striatal circuits in ASD-related motor behaviors. While performance in this task is not uniform across mouse models, there is a cohort of models that show increased rotarod performance. A growing number of studies suggest that this increased propensity to learn a fixed motor routine may reflect a common enhancement of corticostriatal drive across a subset of mice with mutations in ASD-risk genes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10663323/ /pubmed/38026686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2023.1270489 Text en Copyright © 2023 Cording and Bateup. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular Neuroscience
Cording, Katherine R.
Bateup, Helen S.
Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title_full Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title_fullStr Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title_full_unstemmed Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title_short Altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
title_sort altered motor learning and coordination in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder
topic Cellular Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10663323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38026686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2023.1270489
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