Prescribing and peritoneal dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis is a home-based therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease. It is less efficient in removing solutes and fluid than haemodialysis but offers more flexibility and independence. Peritoneal transport characteristics affect the dialysis prescription. The timing of drug administration is independent of the dialysis process except for the administration of intraperitoneal antibiotics. Dose reductions should follow current recommendations for patients with kidney disease. Fluid overload is common in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Residual kidney function can ameliorate this problem and needs to be preserved. Dialysis solutions with high glucose concentrations contribute to adverse metabolic effects. Peritoneal dialysis-related catheter complications and infections may require patients to transition to haemodialysis. Antifungal prophylaxis needs to be co-administered for the duration of antibiotic courses for any indication to reduce the risk of fungal peritonitis. Close communication with the patient’s supervising dialysis unit is required.