CDKN2B‐AS (rs2891168), SOD2 (rs4880), and PON1 (rs662) polymorphisms and susceptibility to coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iranian patients: A case‐control study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a devastating illness and primary cause of death worldwide that arises from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Several large‐scale studies found that 9p21.3, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms increase type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Our research aimed to investigate whether the SNPs of the 9p21.3 locus (rs28911698), SOD2 (rs4880), and PON1 (rs662) genes were associated with the risk of T2DM and/or CAD in the Iranian population. METHODS: In this case‐control study four group subjects including patients with CAD non‐T2DM, with CAD and T2DM, non‐CAD with T2DM, and non‐CAD non‐T2DM were recruited to the study from 2019 to 2020. Molecular analysis was carried out by allele specific‐polymerase chain reaction (AS‐PCR) technique for rs4880, Taqman genotyping assay for rs2891168, and PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) technique for rs662. RESULTS: The rs2891168 polymorphism presented an elevated risk of CAD in non‐T2DM with CAD and with T2DM CAD groups compared to the non‐T2DM non‐CAD group with GG genotype and dominant model after adjustment (p < 0.05). G‐allele in PON1 rs662 polymorphism associated with increased risk of T2DM in T2DM non‐CAD, and T2DM CAD groups compared to non‐T2DM non‐CAD group with dominant model, GG and AG genotypes (p < 0.05). However, SOD2 rs4880 polymorphism presented no significant association with the development of diabetes or CAD. CONCLUSION: These results provide a prime witness that rs2891168 and rs662 gene variants might have a possible increased risk of CAD and T2DM occurrence, respectively. To obtain more definitive and accurate results in this area, further research is required.