Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 in a Patient With Sickle Cell Anemia

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon condition that can be fatal due to overwhelming macrophage activation and cytokine production. It can be primary (familial/genetic) or secondary. It is associated with infections, malignancies, and rheumatologic and immunodeficiency disorders....

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Al-Handola, Rami, Abdelkader, Khaled, Karrar, Arif, Chinnappan, Justine, Rode, Geeta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Internal Medicine
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10667952/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38022077
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.47631
Descripción
Sumario:Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon condition that can be fatal due to overwhelming macrophage activation and cytokine production. It can be primary (familial/genetic) or secondary. It is associated with infections, malignancies, and rheumatologic and immunodeficiency disorders. We report a middle-aged female patient with sickle cell anemia who presented with COVID-19 infection that triggered a vaso-occlusive crisis and resulted in HLH. She had preexisting high ferritin levels and cytopenias, making the diagnosis more challenging. A high index of suspicion and timely treatment is essential to prevent adverse outcomes.

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