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CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune disorders occur when immune cells go wrong and attack the body’s own tissues. Currently, autoimmune disorders are largely treated by broad immunosuppressive agents and blocking antibodies, which can manage the diseases but often are not curative. Thus, there is an urgent need for advanced...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37996128 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002907 |
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author | Blache, Ulrich Tretbar, Sandy Koehl, Ulrike Mougiakakos, Dimitrios Fricke, Stephan |
author_facet | Blache, Ulrich Tretbar, Sandy Koehl, Ulrike Mougiakakos, Dimitrios Fricke, Stephan |
author_sort | Blache, Ulrich |
collection | PubMed |
description | Autoimmune disorders occur when immune cells go wrong and attack the body’s own tissues. Currently, autoimmune disorders are largely treated by broad immunosuppressive agents and blocking antibodies, which can manage the diseases but often are not curative. Thus, there is an urgent need for advanced therapies for patients suffering from severe and refractory autoimmune diseases, and researchers have considered cell therapy as potentially curative approach for several decades. In the wake of its success in cancer therapy, adoptive transfer of engineered T cells modified with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) for target recognition could now become a therapeutic option for some autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the ongoing developments with CAR T cells in the field of autoimmune disorders. We will cover first clinical results of applying anti-CD19 and anti-B cell maturation antigen CAR T cells for B cell elimination in systemic lupus erythematosus, refractory antisynthetase syndrome and myasthenia gravis, respectively. Furthermore, in preclinical models, researchers have also developed chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells that can eliminate individual B cell clones producing specific autoantibodies, and regulatory CAR T cells that do not eliminate autoreactive immune cells but dampen their wrong activation. Finally, we will address safety and manufacturing aspects for CAR T cells and discuss mRNA technologies and automation concepts for ensuring the future availability of safe and efficient CAR T cell products. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10668249 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106682492023-11-23 CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases Blache, Ulrich Tretbar, Sandy Koehl, Ulrike Mougiakakos, Dimitrios Fricke, Stephan RMD Open Autoimmunity Autoimmune disorders occur when immune cells go wrong and attack the body’s own tissues. Currently, autoimmune disorders are largely treated by broad immunosuppressive agents and blocking antibodies, which can manage the diseases but often are not curative. Thus, there is an urgent need for advanced therapies for patients suffering from severe and refractory autoimmune diseases, and researchers have considered cell therapy as potentially curative approach for several decades. In the wake of its success in cancer therapy, adoptive transfer of engineered T cells modified with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) for target recognition could now become a therapeutic option for some autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the ongoing developments with CAR T cells in the field of autoimmune disorders. We will cover first clinical results of applying anti-CD19 and anti-B cell maturation antigen CAR T cells for B cell elimination in systemic lupus erythematosus, refractory antisynthetase syndrome and myasthenia gravis, respectively. Furthermore, in preclinical models, researchers have also developed chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells that can eliminate individual B cell clones producing specific autoantibodies, and regulatory CAR T cells that do not eliminate autoreactive immune cells but dampen their wrong activation. Finally, we will address safety and manufacturing aspects for CAR T cells and discuss mRNA technologies and automation concepts for ensuring the future availability of safe and efficient CAR T cell products. BMJ Publishing Group 2023-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10668249/ /pubmed/37996128 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002907 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Autoimmunity Blache, Ulrich Tretbar, Sandy Koehl, Ulrike Mougiakakos, Dimitrios Fricke, Stephan CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title | CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title_full | CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title_fullStr | CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title_short | CAR T cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
title_sort | car t cells for treating autoimmune diseases |
topic | Autoimmunity |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37996128 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002907 |
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