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Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Intrapartum mortality reaches high figures in piglets, and it has been seen that those born with low weight and those with low or failed vitality scores are the most prone. Caffeine is used to reduce cardiorespiratory problems in neonates, both humans and animals. For this reason, th...

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Autores principales: Villanueva-García, Dina, Ghezzi, Marcelo, Mora-Medina, Patricia, Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael, Olmos-Hernández, Adriana, Casas-Alvarado, Alejandro, Lezama-García, Karina, Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana, Rodríguez-González, Daniela, Marcet-Rius, Miriam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003109
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13223491
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author Villanueva-García, Dina
Ghezzi, Marcelo
Mora-Medina, Patricia
Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael
Olmos-Hernández, Adriana
Casas-Alvarado, Alejandro
Lezama-García, Karina
Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana
Rodríguez-González, Daniela
Marcet-Rius, Miriam
author_facet Villanueva-García, Dina
Ghezzi, Marcelo
Mora-Medina, Patricia
Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael
Olmos-Hernández, Adriana
Casas-Alvarado, Alejandro
Lezama-García, Karina
Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana
Rodríguez-González, Daniela
Marcet-Rius, Miriam
author_sort Villanueva-García, Dina
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Intrapartum mortality reaches high figures in piglets, and it has been seen that those born with low weight and those with low or failed vitality scores are the most prone. Caffeine is used to reduce cardiorespiratory problems in neonates, both humans and animals. For this reason, the decision was made to use different doses of caffeine in newborn piglets in this study, to define if its oral administration would help reduce this problem and what would be the optimal dose and time of administration. The following blood gas parameters were evaluated: pH, pO(2), pCO(2), HCO(3), Ca++, glucose, and lactate, as well as superficial and rectal temperature at 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h after birth. It was concluded that the optimal dose of caffeine to improve the vitality score and reduce possible cardiorespiratory problems is 30 mg/kg orally. ABSTRACT: Intrapartum asphyxia, fetal hypoxia, and their consequences (e.g., acidosis, hypercapnia, hypoglycemia, and hypothermia) are the main factors related to physio-metabolic imbalances that increase neonatal mortality in piglets, particularly in piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different doses of caffeine (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) administered orally to 480 newborn piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. Blood gas parameters (pH, pO(2), pCO(2), and HCO(3)(−)), physio-metabolic profile (Ca(++), glucose, and lactate), and the thermal response assessed through infrared thermography in four thermal windows (ocular, auricular, snout, and hindlimb) and rectal temperature were evaluated during the first 24 h of life. Doses of 30 mg/kg resulted in significant differences at 24 h for all evaluated parameters, suggesting that caffeine administration improved the cardiorespiratory function and metabolic activity of piglets by reducing acidosis, restoring glycemia, and increasing surface and rectal temperature. In conclusion, caffeine at 30 mg/kg could be suggested as an appropriate dose to use in piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. Future research might need to study the presentation of adverse effects due to higher caffeine concentrations.
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spelling pubmed-106687662023-11-12 Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response Villanueva-García, Dina Ghezzi, Marcelo Mora-Medina, Patricia Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael Olmos-Hernández, Adriana Casas-Alvarado, Alejandro Lezama-García, Karina Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana Rodríguez-González, Daniela Marcet-Rius, Miriam Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Intrapartum mortality reaches high figures in piglets, and it has been seen that those born with low weight and those with low or failed vitality scores are the most prone. Caffeine is used to reduce cardiorespiratory problems in neonates, both humans and animals. For this reason, the decision was made to use different doses of caffeine in newborn piglets in this study, to define if its oral administration would help reduce this problem and what would be the optimal dose and time of administration. The following blood gas parameters were evaluated: pH, pO(2), pCO(2), HCO(3), Ca++, glucose, and lactate, as well as superficial and rectal temperature at 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h after birth. It was concluded that the optimal dose of caffeine to improve the vitality score and reduce possible cardiorespiratory problems is 30 mg/kg orally. ABSTRACT: Intrapartum asphyxia, fetal hypoxia, and their consequences (e.g., acidosis, hypercapnia, hypoglycemia, and hypothermia) are the main factors related to physio-metabolic imbalances that increase neonatal mortality in piglets, particularly in piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different doses of caffeine (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) administered orally to 480 newborn piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. Blood gas parameters (pH, pO(2), pCO(2), and HCO(3)(−)), physio-metabolic profile (Ca(++), glucose, and lactate), and the thermal response assessed through infrared thermography in four thermal windows (ocular, auricular, snout, and hindlimb) and rectal temperature were evaluated during the first 24 h of life. Doses of 30 mg/kg resulted in significant differences at 24 h for all evaluated parameters, suggesting that caffeine administration improved the cardiorespiratory function and metabolic activity of piglets by reducing acidosis, restoring glycemia, and increasing surface and rectal temperature. In conclusion, caffeine at 30 mg/kg could be suggested as an appropriate dose to use in piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores. Future research might need to study the presentation of adverse effects due to higher caffeine concentrations. MDPI 2023-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10668766/ /pubmed/38003109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13223491 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Villanueva-García, Dina
Ghezzi, Marcelo
Mora-Medina, Patricia
Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael
Olmos-Hernández, Adriana
Casas-Alvarado, Alejandro
Lezama-García, Karina
Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana
Rodríguez-González, Daniela
Marcet-Rius, Miriam
Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title_full Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title_fullStr Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title_full_unstemmed Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title_short Caffeine Administration in Piglets with Low Birthweight and Low Vitality Scores, and Its Effect on Physiological Blood Profile, Acid–Base Balance, Gas Exchange, and Infrared Thermal Response
title_sort caffeine administration in piglets with low birthweight and low vitality scores, and its effect on physiological blood profile, acid–base balance, gas exchange, and infrared thermal response
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003109
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13223491
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