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Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution

Organ cryopreservation would revolutionize transplantation by overcoming the shelf-life limitations of conventional organ storage. To prepare an organ for cryopreservation, it is first perfused with cryoprotectants (CPAs). These chemicals can enable vitrification during cooling, preventing ice damag...

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Autores principales: Warner, Ross M., Yang, Jun, Drake, Andrew, Lee, Youngjoo, Nemanic, Sarah, Scott, David, Higgins, Adam Z.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38025736
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16323
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author Warner, Ross M.
Yang, Jun
Drake, Andrew
Lee, Youngjoo
Nemanic, Sarah
Scott, David
Higgins, Adam Z.
author_facet Warner, Ross M.
Yang, Jun
Drake, Andrew
Lee, Youngjoo
Nemanic, Sarah
Scott, David
Higgins, Adam Z.
author_sort Warner, Ross M.
collection PubMed
description Organ cryopreservation would revolutionize transplantation by overcoming the shelf-life limitations of conventional organ storage. To prepare an organ for cryopreservation, it is first perfused with cryoprotectants (CPAs). These chemicals can enable vitrification during cooling, preventing ice damage. However, CPAs can also cause toxicity and osmotic damage. It is a major challenge to find the optimal balance between protecting the cells from ice and avoiding CPA-induced damage. In this study, we examined the organ perfusion process to shed light on phenomena relevant to cryopreservation protocol design, including changes in organ size and vascular resistance. In particular, we compared perfusion of kidneys (porcine and human) with CPA in either hypotonic or isotonic vehicle solution. Our results demonstrate that CPA perfusion causes kidney mass changes consistent with the shrink-swell response observed in cells. This response was observed when the kidneys were relatively fresh, but disappeared after prolonged warm and/or cold ischemia. Perfusion with CPA in a hypotonic vehicle solution led to a significant increase in vascular resistance, suggesting reduced capillary diameter due to cell swelling. This could be reversed by switching to perfusion with CPA in isotonic vehicle solution. Hypotonic vehicle solution did not cause notable osmotic damage, as evidenced by low levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the effluent, and it did not have a statistically significant effect on the delivery of CPA into the kidney, as assessed by computed tomography (CT). Overall, our results show that CPA vehicle solution tonicity affects organ size and vascular resistance, which may have important implications for cryopreservation protocol design.
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spelling pubmed-106688502023-11-21 Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution Warner, Ross M. Yang, Jun Drake, Andrew Lee, Youngjoo Nemanic, Sarah Scott, David Higgins, Adam Z. PeerJ Bioengineering Organ cryopreservation would revolutionize transplantation by overcoming the shelf-life limitations of conventional organ storage. To prepare an organ for cryopreservation, it is first perfused with cryoprotectants (CPAs). These chemicals can enable vitrification during cooling, preventing ice damage. However, CPAs can also cause toxicity and osmotic damage. It is a major challenge to find the optimal balance between protecting the cells from ice and avoiding CPA-induced damage. In this study, we examined the organ perfusion process to shed light on phenomena relevant to cryopreservation protocol design, including changes in organ size and vascular resistance. In particular, we compared perfusion of kidneys (porcine and human) with CPA in either hypotonic or isotonic vehicle solution. Our results demonstrate that CPA perfusion causes kidney mass changes consistent with the shrink-swell response observed in cells. This response was observed when the kidneys were relatively fresh, but disappeared after prolonged warm and/or cold ischemia. Perfusion with CPA in a hypotonic vehicle solution led to a significant increase in vascular resistance, suggesting reduced capillary diameter due to cell swelling. This could be reversed by switching to perfusion with CPA in isotonic vehicle solution. Hypotonic vehicle solution did not cause notable osmotic damage, as evidenced by low levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the effluent, and it did not have a statistically significant effect on the delivery of CPA into the kidney, as assessed by computed tomography (CT). Overall, our results show that CPA vehicle solution tonicity affects organ size and vascular resistance, which may have important implications for cryopreservation protocol design. PeerJ Inc. 2023-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10668850/ /pubmed/38025736 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16323 Text en © 2023 Warner et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Bioengineering
Warner, Ross M.
Yang, Jun
Drake, Andrew
Lee, Youngjoo
Nemanic, Sarah
Scott, David
Higgins, Adam Z.
Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title_full Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title_fullStr Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title_full_unstemmed Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title_short Osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
title_sort osmotic response during kidney perfusion with cryoprotectant in isotonic or hypotonic vehicle solution
topic Bioengineering
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38025736
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16323
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