Cargando…
Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes
E-cigarette use has been marketed as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, as a means of smoking cessation, and are used at a higher rate than the general population in people with HIV (PWH). Early growth receptor 2 (EGR2) and Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (ARC) have a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670019/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002516 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13111556 |
_version_ | 1785139825295228928 |
---|---|
author | Kulbe, Jacqueline Renee Nguyen, Lauren Le, Alexandra Anh Laird, Anna Elizabeth Taffe, Michael A. Nguyen, Jacques D. Fields, Jerel Adam |
author_facet | Kulbe, Jacqueline Renee Nguyen, Lauren Le, Alexandra Anh Laird, Anna Elizabeth Taffe, Michael A. Nguyen, Jacques D. Fields, Jerel Adam |
author_sort | Kulbe, Jacqueline Renee |
collection | PubMed |
description | E-cigarette use has been marketed as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, as a means of smoking cessation, and are used at a higher rate than the general population in people with HIV (PWH). Early growth receptor 2 (EGR2) and Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (ARC) have a role in addiction, synaptic plasticity, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. This study showed that 10 days of exposure to e-cigarette vapor altered gene expression in the brains of 6-month-old, male, Sprague Dawley rats. Specifically, the e-cigarette solvent vapor propylene glycol (PG) downregulated EGR2 and ARC mRNA expression in frontal cortex, an effect which was reversed by nicotine (NIC) and THC, suggesting that PG could have a protective role against NIC and cannabis dependence. However, in vitro, PG upregulated EGR2 and ARC mRNA expression at 18 h in cultured C6 rat astrocytes suggesting that PG may have neuroinflammatory effects. PG-induced upregulation of EGR2 and ARC mRNA was reversed by NIC but not THC. The HIV antiretroviral DTG reversed the effect NIC had on decreasing PG-induced upregulation of EGR2, which is concerning because EGR2 has been implicated in HIV latency reversal, T-cell apoptosis, and neuroinflammation, a process that underlies the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10670019 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106700192023-11-07 Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes Kulbe, Jacqueline Renee Nguyen, Lauren Le, Alexandra Anh Laird, Anna Elizabeth Taffe, Michael A. Nguyen, Jacques D. Fields, Jerel Adam Brain Sci Article E-cigarette use has been marketed as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, as a means of smoking cessation, and are used at a higher rate than the general population in people with HIV (PWH). Early growth receptor 2 (EGR2) and Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (ARC) have a role in addiction, synaptic plasticity, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. This study showed that 10 days of exposure to e-cigarette vapor altered gene expression in the brains of 6-month-old, male, Sprague Dawley rats. Specifically, the e-cigarette solvent vapor propylene glycol (PG) downregulated EGR2 and ARC mRNA expression in frontal cortex, an effect which was reversed by nicotine (NIC) and THC, suggesting that PG could have a protective role against NIC and cannabis dependence. However, in vitro, PG upregulated EGR2 and ARC mRNA expression at 18 h in cultured C6 rat astrocytes suggesting that PG may have neuroinflammatory effects. PG-induced upregulation of EGR2 and ARC mRNA was reversed by NIC but not THC. The HIV antiretroviral DTG reversed the effect NIC had on decreasing PG-induced upregulation of EGR2, which is concerning because EGR2 has been implicated in HIV latency reversal, T-cell apoptosis, and neuroinflammation, a process that underlies the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. MDPI 2023-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10670019/ /pubmed/38002516 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13111556 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kulbe, Jacqueline Renee Nguyen, Lauren Le, Alexandra Anh Laird, Anna Elizabeth Taffe, Michael A. Nguyen, Jacques D. Fields, Jerel Adam Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title | Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title_full | Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title_fullStr | Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title_full_unstemmed | Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title_short | Nicotine, THC, and Dolutegravir Modulate E-Cigarette-Induced Changes in Addiction- and Inflammation-Associated Genes in Rat Brains and Astrocytes |
title_sort | nicotine, thc, and dolutegravir modulate e-cigarette-induced changes in addiction- and inflammation-associated genes in rat brains and astrocytes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670019/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002516 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13111556 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kulbejacquelinerenee nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT nguyenlauren nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT lealexandraanh nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT lairdannaelizabeth nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT taffemichaela nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT nguyenjacquesd nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes AT fieldsjereladam nicotinethcanddolutegravirmodulateecigaretteinducedchangesinaddictionandinflammationassociatedgenesinratbrainsandastrocytes |