The effect of educational program based on the clinical practice protocol on treatment adherence, self-efficacy and quality of life of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Educating the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) before and after surgery is one of the most important factors for success in this surgery, as it improves their treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the educational program based on clinical practice protocol upon treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life of patients undergoing CABG surgery in Tehran, Iran, during the period 2021–2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study was conducted on 100 patients who were undergoing CABG and were hospitalized in a public hospital (Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital) in Tehran, Iran, in 2021–2022. Patients were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Four questionnaires (demographic–clinical questionnaire, Modanloo's adherence to treatment questionnaire, Sullivan's self-efficacy questionnaire, and McNew's quality of life questionnaire) were completed by both intervention and control groups before and 1 month after the educational intervention. The intervention group received an education program based on the clinical practice protocol. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22 software. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The average scores of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life 1 month after the intervention were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Also, the average scores of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life were significantly higher 1 month after the intervention than before in the intervention group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that education program based on the clinical practice protocol can be effective and useful for increasing the level of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life of patients undergoing CABG.