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Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping

The recently observed circadian oscillations of the intestinal microbiota underscore the profound nature of the human–microbiome relationship and its importance for health. Together with the discovery of circadian clocks in non-photosynthetic gut bacteria and circadian rhythms in anucleated cells, t...

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Autores principales: Siebieszuk, Adam, Sejbuk, Monika, Witkowska, Anna Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003359
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216169
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author Siebieszuk, Adam
Sejbuk, Monika
Witkowska, Anna Maria
author_facet Siebieszuk, Adam
Sejbuk, Monika
Witkowska, Anna Maria
author_sort Siebieszuk, Adam
collection PubMed
description The recently observed circadian oscillations of the intestinal microbiota underscore the profound nature of the human–microbiome relationship and its importance for health. Together with the discovery of circadian clocks in non-photosynthetic gut bacteria and circadian rhythms in anucleated cells, these findings have indicated the possibility that virtually all microorganisms may possess functional biological clocks. However, they have also raised many essential questions concerning the fundamentals of biological timekeeping, its evolution, and its origin. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent literature in molecular chronobiology, aiming to bring together the latest evidence on the structure and mechanisms driving microbial biological clocks while pointing to potential applications of this knowledge in medicine. Moreover, it discusses the latest hypotheses regarding the evolution of timing mechanisms and describes the functions of peroxiredoxins in cells and their contribution to the cellular clockwork. The diversity of biological clocks among various human-associated microorganisms and the role of transcriptional and post-translational timekeeping mechanisms are also addressed. Finally, recent evidence on metabolic oscillators and host–microbiome communication is presented.
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spelling pubmed-106711912023-11-10 Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping Siebieszuk, Adam Sejbuk, Monika Witkowska, Anna Maria Int J Mol Sci Review The recently observed circadian oscillations of the intestinal microbiota underscore the profound nature of the human–microbiome relationship and its importance for health. Together with the discovery of circadian clocks in non-photosynthetic gut bacteria and circadian rhythms in anucleated cells, these findings have indicated the possibility that virtually all microorganisms may possess functional biological clocks. However, they have also raised many essential questions concerning the fundamentals of biological timekeeping, its evolution, and its origin. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent literature in molecular chronobiology, aiming to bring together the latest evidence on the structure and mechanisms driving microbial biological clocks while pointing to potential applications of this knowledge in medicine. Moreover, it discusses the latest hypotheses regarding the evolution of timing mechanisms and describes the functions of peroxiredoxins in cells and their contribution to the cellular clockwork. The diversity of biological clocks among various human-associated microorganisms and the role of transcriptional and post-translational timekeeping mechanisms are also addressed. Finally, recent evidence on metabolic oscillators and host–microbiome communication is presented. MDPI 2023-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10671191/ /pubmed/38003359 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216169 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Siebieszuk, Adam
Sejbuk, Monika
Witkowska, Anna Maria
Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title_full Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title_fullStr Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title_full_unstemmed Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title_short Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping
title_sort studying the human microbiota: advances in understanding the fundamentals, origin, and evolution of biological timekeeping
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003359
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216169
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