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Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are abundant single-stranded RNA molecules in human cells, involved in various cellular processes ranging from DNA replication and mRNA translation regulation to genome stability defense. MicroRNAs are multifunctional ncRNA molecules of 18–24 nt in length, involved in gene s...

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Autores principales: Beňačka, Roman, Szabóová, Daniela, Guľašová, Zuzana, Hertelyová, Zdenka, Radoňak, Jozef
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003403
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216213
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author Beňačka, Roman
Szabóová, Daniela
Guľašová, Zuzana
Hertelyová, Zdenka
Radoňak, Jozef
author_facet Beňačka, Roman
Szabóová, Daniela
Guľašová, Zuzana
Hertelyová, Zdenka
Radoňak, Jozef
author_sort Beňačka, Roman
collection PubMed
description Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are abundant single-stranded RNA molecules in human cells, involved in various cellular processes ranging from DNA replication and mRNA translation regulation to genome stability defense. MicroRNAs are multifunctional ncRNA molecules of 18–24 nt in length, involved in gene silencing through base-pair complementary binding to target mRNA transcripts. piwi-interacting RNAs are an animal-specific class of small ncRNAs sized 26–31 nt, responsible for the defense of genome stability via the epigenetic and post-transcriptional silencing of transposable elements. Long non-coding RNAs are ncRNA molecules defined as transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides, their function depending on localization, and varying from the regulation of cell differentiation and development to the regulation of telomere-specific heterochromatin modifications. The current review provides recent data on the several forms of small and long non-coding RNA’s potential to act as diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic target for various human diseases.
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spelling pubmed-106713912023-11-11 Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential Beňačka, Roman Szabóová, Daniela Guľašová, Zuzana Hertelyová, Zdenka Radoňak, Jozef Int J Mol Sci Review Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are abundant single-stranded RNA molecules in human cells, involved in various cellular processes ranging from DNA replication and mRNA translation regulation to genome stability defense. MicroRNAs are multifunctional ncRNA molecules of 18–24 nt in length, involved in gene silencing through base-pair complementary binding to target mRNA transcripts. piwi-interacting RNAs are an animal-specific class of small ncRNAs sized 26–31 nt, responsible for the defense of genome stability via the epigenetic and post-transcriptional silencing of transposable elements. Long non-coding RNAs are ncRNA molecules defined as transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides, their function depending on localization, and varying from the regulation of cell differentiation and development to the regulation of telomere-specific heterochromatin modifications. The current review provides recent data on the several forms of small and long non-coding RNA’s potential to act as diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic target for various human diseases. MDPI 2023-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10671391/ /pubmed/38003403 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216213 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Beňačka, Roman
Szabóová, Daniela
Guľašová, Zuzana
Hertelyová, Zdenka
Radoňak, Jozef
Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title_full Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title_fullStr Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title_full_unstemmed Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title_short Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential
title_sort non-coding rnas in human cancer and other diseases: overview of the diagnostic potential
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003403
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216213
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