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Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Rosalia batesi Harold (Cerambycidae) is a longhorned beetle endemic to Japan distributed on the mainland from Hokkaido (north) to Kyushu (south). The beautiful appearance of the adults is renowned not only in Japan but worldwide. The larvae feed in the trunks of broad-leaf trees. Fem...

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Autores principales: Fukaya, Midori, Kiriyama, Satoshi, Yagami, Saki, Iwata, Ryûtarô, Yasui, Hiroe, Tokoro, Masahiko, Zou, Yunfan, Millar, Jocelyn G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37999066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14110867
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author Fukaya, Midori
Kiriyama, Satoshi
Yagami, Saki
Iwata, Ryûtarô
Yasui, Hiroe
Tokoro, Masahiko
Zou, Yunfan
Millar, Jocelyn G.
author_facet Fukaya, Midori
Kiriyama, Satoshi
Yagami, Saki
Iwata, Ryûtarô
Yasui, Hiroe
Tokoro, Masahiko
Zou, Yunfan
Millar, Jocelyn G.
author_sort Fukaya, Midori
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Rosalia batesi Harold (Cerambycidae) is a longhorned beetle endemic to Japan distributed on the mainland from Hokkaido (north) to Kyushu (south). The beautiful appearance of the adults is renowned not only in Japan but worldwide. The larvae feed in the trunks of broad-leaf trees. Females were attracted to males in laboratory bioassays, which suggested that males produce a sex pheromone. We collected volatiles from R. batesi females and males and found a single male-specific compound. It was identified as 3,5-dimethyl-6-(1-methylbutyl)-pyran-2-one, which is the same compound identified as the pheromone of its European congener R. alpina. This alkylated pyrone is a unique structure among known cerambycid pheromones. In field bioassays carried out with the racemic synthetic pheromone in Japan, both sexes of R. batesi were attracted in significant numbers in a ratio of almost 1:1, indicating that the compound is an aggregation-sex pheromone. ABSTRACT: The longhorned beetle Rosalia batesi Harold (Coleoptera; Cerambycidae) is endemic to Japan, where its range extends from Hokkaido to Kyushu. The colorful adults are well-known to entomologists and collectors worldwide. It is a hardwood-boring species with larvae that develop in dead broad-leaf trees. In laboratory bioassays, females were attracted to males, which suggested that males produce a sex pheromone. The congeneric species R. alpina is native to Europe, and another congener, R. funebris, is distributed in North America. The pheromone components produced by males of these species had been previously identified as two compounds from different biosynthetic pathways. In the present study, volatiles were collected from beetles of both sexes, and the analyses of the resulting extracts revealed a single male-specific compound, which was identified as 3,5-dimethyl-6-(1-methylbutyl)-pyran-2-one; this is the same compound as the pheromone of the European R. alpina. This alkylated pyrone structure is, so far, unique among known cerambycid pheromones. In field bioassays with traps baited with the racemic synthetic pheromone, significant numbers of both sexes of R. batesi were attracted in an approximately equal ratio, indicating that the compound is an aggregation-sex pheromone rather than a sex pheromone.
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spelling pubmed-106717072023-11-10 Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle Fukaya, Midori Kiriyama, Satoshi Yagami, Saki Iwata, Ryûtarô Yasui, Hiroe Tokoro, Masahiko Zou, Yunfan Millar, Jocelyn G. Insects Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Rosalia batesi Harold (Cerambycidae) is a longhorned beetle endemic to Japan distributed on the mainland from Hokkaido (north) to Kyushu (south). The beautiful appearance of the adults is renowned not only in Japan but worldwide. The larvae feed in the trunks of broad-leaf trees. Females were attracted to males in laboratory bioassays, which suggested that males produce a sex pheromone. We collected volatiles from R. batesi females and males and found a single male-specific compound. It was identified as 3,5-dimethyl-6-(1-methylbutyl)-pyran-2-one, which is the same compound identified as the pheromone of its European congener R. alpina. This alkylated pyrone is a unique structure among known cerambycid pheromones. In field bioassays carried out with the racemic synthetic pheromone in Japan, both sexes of R. batesi were attracted in significant numbers in a ratio of almost 1:1, indicating that the compound is an aggregation-sex pheromone. ABSTRACT: The longhorned beetle Rosalia batesi Harold (Coleoptera; Cerambycidae) is endemic to Japan, where its range extends from Hokkaido to Kyushu. The colorful adults are well-known to entomologists and collectors worldwide. It is a hardwood-boring species with larvae that develop in dead broad-leaf trees. In laboratory bioassays, females were attracted to males, which suggested that males produce a sex pheromone. The congeneric species R. alpina is native to Europe, and another congener, R. funebris, is distributed in North America. The pheromone components produced by males of these species had been previously identified as two compounds from different biosynthetic pathways. In the present study, volatiles were collected from beetles of both sexes, and the analyses of the resulting extracts revealed a single male-specific compound, which was identified as 3,5-dimethyl-6-(1-methylbutyl)-pyran-2-one; this is the same compound as the pheromone of the European R. alpina. This alkylated pyrone structure is, so far, unique among known cerambycid pheromones. In field bioassays with traps baited with the racemic synthetic pheromone, significant numbers of both sexes of R. batesi were attracted in an approximately equal ratio, indicating that the compound is an aggregation-sex pheromone rather than a sex pheromone. MDPI 2023-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10671707/ /pubmed/37999066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14110867 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Fukaya, Midori
Kiriyama, Satoshi
Yagami, Saki
Iwata, Ryûtarô
Yasui, Hiroe
Tokoro, Masahiko
Zou, Yunfan
Millar, Jocelyn G.
Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title_full Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title_fullStr Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title_full_unstemmed Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title_short Identification of a Male-Produced Aggregation Sex Pheromone in Rosalia batesi, an Endemic Japanese Longhorn Beetle
title_sort identification of a male-produced aggregation sex pheromone in rosalia batesi, an endemic japanese longhorn beetle
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37999066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14110867
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