Cargando…
Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants
Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles conserved across eukaryotes with a fascinating biogenesis and consumption cycle. Recent intensive research has focused on uncovering the cellular biology of LDs, with emphasis on their degradation. Briefly, two major pathways for LD degradation have been...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216039 |
_version_ | 1785140230419906560 |
---|---|
author | Qin, Zhaoxia Wang, Tianyu Zhao, Yanxiu Ma, Changle Shao, Qun |
author_facet | Qin, Zhaoxia Wang, Tianyu Zhao, Yanxiu Ma, Changle Shao, Qun |
author_sort | Qin, Zhaoxia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles conserved across eukaryotes with a fascinating biogenesis and consumption cycle. Recent intensive research has focused on uncovering the cellular biology of LDs, with emphasis on their degradation. Briefly, two major pathways for LD degradation have been recognized: (1) lipolysis, in which lipid degradation is catalyzed by lipases on the LD surface, and (2) lipophagy, in which LDs are degraded by autophagy. Both of these pathways require the collective actions of several lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes, some of which have been purified and analyzed for their in vitro activities. Furthermore, several genes encoding these proteins have been cloned and characterized. In seed plants, seed germination is initiated by the hydrolysis of stored lipids in LDs to provide energy and carbon equivalents for the germinating seedling. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating the LD mobilization. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding how lipids are degraded and the specific pathways that coordinate LD mobilization in plants, aiming to provide an accurate and detailed outline of the process. This will set the stage for future studies of LD dynamics and help to utilize LDs to their full potential. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10671748 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106717482023-11-07 Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants Qin, Zhaoxia Wang, Tianyu Zhao, Yanxiu Ma, Changle Shao, Qun Int J Mol Sci Review Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles conserved across eukaryotes with a fascinating biogenesis and consumption cycle. Recent intensive research has focused on uncovering the cellular biology of LDs, with emphasis on their degradation. Briefly, two major pathways for LD degradation have been recognized: (1) lipolysis, in which lipid degradation is catalyzed by lipases on the LD surface, and (2) lipophagy, in which LDs are degraded by autophagy. Both of these pathways require the collective actions of several lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes, some of which have been purified and analyzed for their in vitro activities. Furthermore, several genes encoding these proteins have been cloned and characterized. In seed plants, seed germination is initiated by the hydrolysis of stored lipids in LDs to provide energy and carbon equivalents for the germinating seedling. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating the LD mobilization. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding how lipids are degraded and the specific pathways that coordinate LD mobilization in plants, aiming to provide an accurate and detailed outline of the process. This will set the stage for future studies of LD dynamics and help to utilize LDs to their full potential. MDPI 2023-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10671748/ /pubmed/38003229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216039 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Qin, Zhaoxia Wang, Tianyu Zhao, Yanxiu Ma, Changle Shao, Qun Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title | Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title_full | Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title_fullStr | Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title_short | Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants |
title_sort | molecular machinery of lipid droplet degradation and turnover in plants |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10671748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216039 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT qinzhaoxia molecularmachineryoflipiddropletdegradationandturnoverinplants AT wangtianyu molecularmachineryoflipiddropletdegradationandturnoverinplants AT zhaoyanxiu molecularmachineryoflipiddropletdegradationandturnoverinplants AT machangle molecularmachineryoflipiddropletdegradationandturnoverinplants AT shaoqun molecularmachineryoflipiddropletdegradationandturnoverinplants |