High-Temperature Flow Behavior and Energy Consumption of Supercritical CO(2) Sealing Film Influenced by Different Surface Grooves

The Brayton cycle system, as a closed cycle working under high-temperature, high-pressure and high-speed conditions, presents significant prospects in many fields. However, the flow behavior and energy efficiency of supercritical CO(2) is severely influenced by the structures of face seals and the sealing temperature, especially when the sealing gas experiment is the supercritical transformation process. Therefore, a numerical model was established to investigate the high-temperature flow behavior and energy consumption of face seals with different surface grooves. The effects of the operation parameters and groove structure on the temperature distribution and sealing performance are further studied. The obtained results show that the supercritical effect of the gas film has a more obvious influence on the flow velocity u(θ) than u(r). Moreover, it can be found that the temperature distribution, heat dissipation and leakage rate of the gas face seals present a dramatic change when the working condition exceeds the supercritical point. For the spiral groove, the change rate of heat dissipation becomes larger, from 3.6% to 8.1%, with the increase in sealing pressure from 15 to 50 MPa, when the temperature grows from 300 to 320 K. Meanwhile, the open force maintains a stable state with the increasing temperature and pressure even at the supercritical point. The proposed model could provide a theoretical basis for seal design with different grooves on the supercritical change range in the future.