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Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in premenopausal women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. Patients frequently present comorbidities, including obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose and...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10672473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13112124 |
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author | Mastnak, Lara Herman, Rok Ferjan, Simona Janež, Andrej Jensterle, Mojca |
author_facet | Mastnak, Lara Herman, Rok Ferjan, Simona Janež, Andrej Jensterle, Mojca |
author_sort | Mastnak, Lara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in premenopausal women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. Patients frequently present comorbidities, including obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. The diverse clinical presentation may mimic various endocrine disorders, making the diagnosis challenging in some clinical circumstances. Prolactin (PRL) is a recommended biomarker in the initial diagnostic workup to rule out hyperprolactinemia (HPRL). The traditional role of PRL is linked to lactation and the reproductive system. Recent research highlights PRL’s emerging role in metabolic homeostasis. PRL influences metabolism directly by interacting with the pancreas, liver, hypothalamus, and adipose tissue. Its influence on an individual’s metabolism is intricately tied to its serum concentration. While deficient and very high levels of PRL can negatively affect metabolism, intermediate–normal to moderately high levels may promote metabolic health. In women with PCOS, PRL levels may be altered. Research results on different aspects of the relationship between PCOS and the impact of various levels of PRL on metabolic homeostasis are limited and inconsistent. In this narrative literature review, we comprehensively examined data on serum PRL levels in PCOS patients. We investigated the correlation between a favorable metabolic profile and serum PRL levels in this population. Furthermore, we explored the concept of beneficial PRL effects on metabolism and discussed the potential therapeutic application of dopamine agonists in PCOS treatment. Lastly, we emphasized several promising avenues for future research in this field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10672473 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106724732023-10-26 Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects Mastnak, Lara Herman, Rok Ferjan, Simona Janež, Andrej Jensterle, Mojca Life (Basel) Review Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in premenopausal women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. Patients frequently present comorbidities, including obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. The diverse clinical presentation may mimic various endocrine disorders, making the diagnosis challenging in some clinical circumstances. Prolactin (PRL) is a recommended biomarker in the initial diagnostic workup to rule out hyperprolactinemia (HPRL). The traditional role of PRL is linked to lactation and the reproductive system. Recent research highlights PRL’s emerging role in metabolic homeostasis. PRL influences metabolism directly by interacting with the pancreas, liver, hypothalamus, and adipose tissue. Its influence on an individual’s metabolism is intricately tied to its serum concentration. While deficient and very high levels of PRL can negatively affect metabolism, intermediate–normal to moderately high levels may promote metabolic health. In women with PCOS, PRL levels may be altered. Research results on different aspects of the relationship between PCOS and the impact of various levels of PRL on metabolic homeostasis are limited and inconsistent. In this narrative literature review, we comprehensively examined data on serum PRL levels in PCOS patients. We investigated the correlation between a favorable metabolic profile and serum PRL levels in this population. Furthermore, we explored the concept of beneficial PRL effects on metabolism and discussed the potential therapeutic application of dopamine agonists in PCOS treatment. Lastly, we emphasized several promising avenues for future research in this field. MDPI 2023-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10672473/ /pubmed/38004264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13112124 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mastnak, Lara Herman, Rok Ferjan, Simona Janež, Andrej Jensterle, Mojca Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title | Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title_full | Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title_fullStr | Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title_full_unstemmed | Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title_short | Prolactin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Metabolic Effects and Therapeutic Prospects |
title_sort | prolactin in polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic effects and therapeutic prospects |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10672473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13112124 |
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