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The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives
Background and Objectives: Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of testicular germ cell tumours (TGTCs), challenges persist in identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and precise disease management. This narrative review addresses the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potentia...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10672751/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59112033 |
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author | Ditonno, Francesco Franco, Antonio Manfredi, Celeste Fasanella, Daniela Abate, Marco La Rocca, Roberto Crocerossa, Fabio Iossa, Vincenzo Falagario, Ugo Giovanni Cirillo, Luigi Altieri, Vincenzo Maria Di Mauro, Ernesto Crocetto, Felice Barone, Biagio Cilio, Simone Pandolfo, Savio Domenico Aveta, Achille Mirone, Vincenzo Franzese, Corrado Aniello Arcaniolo, Davide Napolitano, Luigi |
author_facet | Ditonno, Francesco Franco, Antonio Manfredi, Celeste Fasanella, Daniela Abate, Marco La Rocca, Roberto Crocerossa, Fabio Iossa, Vincenzo Falagario, Ugo Giovanni Cirillo, Luigi Altieri, Vincenzo Maria Di Mauro, Ernesto Crocetto, Felice Barone, Biagio Cilio, Simone Pandolfo, Savio Domenico Aveta, Achille Mirone, Vincenzo Franzese, Corrado Aniello Arcaniolo, Davide Napolitano, Luigi |
author_sort | Ditonno, Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background and Objectives: Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of testicular germ cell tumours (TGTCs), challenges persist in identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and precise disease management. This narrative review addresses the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in the treatment of TGCTs. Materials and Methods: Three databases (PubMed(®), Web of Science™, and Scopus(®)) were queried for studies investigating the utility of miRNA as diagnostic tools, assessing their prognostic significance, and evaluating their potential to guide TGCT treatment. Different combinations of the following keywords were used, according to a free-text protocol: “miRNA”, “non-coding RNA”, “small RNA”, “Testicular Cancer”, “seminomatous testicular germ cell”, “non-seminomatous testicular germ cell”. Results: The potential of miRNAs as possible biomarkers for a non-invasive diagnosis of TGCT is appealing. Their integration into the diagnostic pathway for TGCT patients holds the potential to enhance the discriminative power of conventional serum tumour markers (STMs) and could expedite early diagnosis, given that miRNA overexpression was observed in 50% of GCNIS cases. Among miRNAs, miR-371a-3p stands out with the most promising evidence, suggesting its relevance in the primary diagnosis of TGCT, particularly when conventional STMs offer limited value. Indeed, it demonstrated high specificity (90–99%) and sensitivity (84–89%), with good positive predictive value (97.2%) and negative predictive value (82.7%). Furthermore, a direct relationship between miRNA concentration, disease burden, and treatment response exists, regardless of disease stages. The initial evidence of miRNA decrease in response to surgical treatment and systemic chemotherapy has been further supported by more recent results suggesting the potential utility of this tool not only in evaluating treatment response but also in monitoring residual disease and predicting disease relapse. Conclusions: MiRNAs could represent a reliable tool for accurate diagnosis and disease monitoring in the treatment of TGCT, providing more precise tools for early detection and treatment stratification. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical trials and comprehensive long-term data are needed to ensure their translation into effective clinical tools. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10672751 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106727512023-11-17 The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives Ditonno, Francesco Franco, Antonio Manfredi, Celeste Fasanella, Daniela Abate, Marco La Rocca, Roberto Crocerossa, Fabio Iossa, Vincenzo Falagario, Ugo Giovanni Cirillo, Luigi Altieri, Vincenzo Maria Di Mauro, Ernesto Crocetto, Felice Barone, Biagio Cilio, Simone Pandolfo, Savio Domenico Aveta, Achille Mirone, Vincenzo Franzese, Corrado Aniello Arcaniolo, Davide Napolitano, Luigi Medicina (Kaunas) Review Background and Objectives: Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of testicular germ cell tumours (TGTCs), challenges persist in identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection and precise disease management. This narrative review addresses the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in the treatment of TGCTs. Materials and Methods: Three databases (PubMed(®), Web of Science™, and Scopus(®)) were queried for studies investigating the utility of miRNA as diagnostic tools, assessing their prognostic significance, and evaluating their potential to guide TGCT treatment. Different combinations of the following keywords were used, according to a free-text protocol: “miRNA”, “non-coding RNA”, “small RNA”, “Testicular Cancer”, “seminomatous testicular germ cell”, “non-seminomatous testicular germ cell”. Results: The potential of miRNAs as possible biomarkers for a non-invasive diagnosis of TGCT is appealing. Their integration into the diagnostic pathway for TGCT patients holds the potential to enhance the discriminative power of conventional serum tumour markers (STMs) and could expedite early diagnosis, given that miRNA overexpression was observed in 50% of GCNIS cases. Among miRNAs, miR-371a-3p stands out with the most promising evidence, suggesting its relevance in the primary diagnosis of TGCT, particularly when conventional STMs offer limited value. Indeed, it demonstrated high specificity (90–99%) and sensitivity (84–89%), with good positive predictive value (97.2%) and negative predictive value (82.7%). Furthermore, a direct relationship between miRNA concentration, disease burden, and treatment response exists, regardless of disease stages. The initial evidence of miRNA decrease in response to surgical treatment and systemic chemotherapy has been further supported by more recent results suggesting the potential utility of this tool not only in evaluating treatment response but also in monitoring residual disease and predicting disease relapse. Conclusions: MiRNAs could represent a reliable tool for accurate diagnosis and disease monitoring in the treatment of TGCT, providing more precise tools for early detection and treatment stratification. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical trials and comprehensive long-term data are needed to ensure their translation into effective clinical tools. MDPI 2023-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10672751/ /pubmed/38004082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59112033 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ditonno, Francesco Franco, Antonio Manfredi, Celeste Fasanella, Daniela Abate, Marco La Rocca, Roberto Crocerossa, Fabio Iossa, Vincenzo Falagario, Ugo Giovanni Cirillo, Luigi Altieri, Vincenzo Maria Di Mauro, Ernesto Crocetto, Felice Barone, Biagio Cilio, Simone Pandolfo, Savio Domenico Aveta, Achille Mirone, Vincenzo Franzese, Corrado Aniello Arcaniolo, Davide Napolitano, Luigi The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title | The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title_full | The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title_fullStr | The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title_short | The Role of miRNA in Testicular Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives |
title_sort | role of mirna in testicular cancer: current insights and future perspectives |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10672751/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59112033 |
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