Relationship between Sleep Quality and Shoulder Disorders in People with Stroke

Background and objective: The primary aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality (SQ) and shoulder disorders in people after a stroke. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between SQ and stroke outcomes, including the impact of stroke, fatigue, and quality of life (QOL). Material and Methods: A sample of 94 stroke patients was included. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess SQ, whereas the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was utilized to assess shoulder pain and disability. The Stroke Impact Scale 16, the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 were also used as secondary measures. Results: The prevalence of poor SQ, shoulder pain, and shoulder disability in our sample was 60%, 78%, and 85%, respectively. The global PSQI score had a significant association with the SPADI pain subscale. There were some significant correlations between the PSQI subscales and shoulder pain and disability. The PSQI significantly correlated with stroke recovery, fatigue, and QOL. The daytime dysfunction PSQI subscale was significantly correlated with all shoulder and stroke outcomes and their subscale. Conclusion: SQ was associated more with the non-motor outcomes of stroke, including pain, cognitive fatigue, and mental status, than the motor outcomes. Considering SQ during upper extremity rehabilitation and care processes is essential.