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Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes

Salar de Ascotán is a high-altitude arsenic-rich salt flat exposed to high ultraviolet radiation in the Atacama Desert, Chile. It hosts unique endemic flora and fauna and is an essential habitat for migratory birds, making it an important site for conservation and protection. However, there is limit...

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Autores principales: Veloso, Marcelo, Waldisperg, Angie, Arros, Patricio, Berríos-Pastén, Camilo, Acosta, Joaquín, Colque, Hazajem, Varas, Macarena A., Allende, Miguel L., Orellana, Luis H., Marcoleta, Andrés E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10673233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004830
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112819
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author Veloso, Marcelo
Waldisperg, Angie
Arros, Patricio
Berríos-Pastén, Camilo
Acosta, Joaquín
Colque, Hazajem
Varas, Macarena A.
Allende, Miguel L.
Orellana, Luis H.
Marcoleta, Andrés E.
author_facet Veloso, Marcelo
Waldisperg, Angie
Arros, Patricio
Berríos-Pastén, Camilo
Acosta, Joaquín
Colque, Hazajem
Varas, Macarena A.
Allende, Miguel L.
Orellana, Luis H.
Marcoleta, Andrés E.
author_sort Veloso, Marcelo
collection PubMed
description Salar de Ascotán is a high-altitude arsenic-rich salt flat exposed to high ultraviolet radiation in the Atacama Desert, Chile. It hosts unique endemic flora and fauna and is an essential habitat for migratory birds, making it an important site for conservation and protection. However, there is limited information on the resident microbiota’s diversity, genomic features, metabolic potential, and molecular mechanisms that enable it to thrive in this extreme environment. We used long- and short-read metagenomics to investigate the microbial communities in Ascotán’s water, sediment, and soil. Bacteria predominated, mainly Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, with a remarkable diversity of archaea in the soil. Following hybrid assembly, we recovered high-quality bacterial (101) and archaeal (6) metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), including representatives of two putative novel families of Patescibacteria and Pseudomonadota and two novel orders from the archaeal classes Halobacteriota and Thermoplasmata. We found different metabolic capabilities across distinct lineages and a widespread presence of genes related to stress response, DNA repair, and resistance to arsenic and other metals. These results highlight the remarkable diversity and taxonomic novelty of the Salar de Ascotán microbiota and its rich functional repertoire, making it able to resist different harsh conditions. The highly complete MAGs described here could serve future studies and bioprospection efforts focused on salt flat extremophiles, and contribute to enriching databases with microbial genome data from underrepresented regions of our planet.
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spelling pubmed-106732332023-11-20 Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes Veloso, Marcelo Waldisperg, Angie Arros, Patricio Berríos-Pastén, Camilo Acosta, Joaquín Colque, Hazajem Varas, Macarena A. Allende, Miguel L. Orellana, Luis H. Marcoleta, Andrés E. Microorganisms Article Salar de Ascotán is a high-altitude arsenic-rich salt flat exposed to high ultraviolet radiation in the Atacama Desert, Chile. It hosts unique endemic flora and fauna and is an essential habitat for migratory birds, making it an important site for conservation and protection. However, there is limited information on the resident microbiota’s diversity, genomic features, metabolic potential, and molecular mechanisms that enable it to thrive in this extreme environment. We used long- and short-read metagenomics to investigate the microbial communities in Ascotán’s water, sediment, and soil. Bacteria predominated, mainly Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, with a remarkable diversity of archaea in the soil. Following hybrid assembly, we recovered high-quality bacterial (101) and archaeal (6) metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), including representatives of two putative novel families of Patescibacteria and Pseudomonadota and two novel orders from the archaeal classes Halobacteriota and Thermoplasmata. We found different metabolic capabilities across distinct lineages and a widespread presence of genes related to stress response, DNA repair, and resistance to arsenic and other metals. These results highlight the remarkable diversity and taxonomic novelty of the Salar de Ascotán microbiota and its rich functional repertoire, making it able to resist different harsh conditions. The highly complete MAGs described here could serve future studies and bioprospection efforts focused on salt flat extremophiles, and contribute to enriching databases with microbial genome data from underrepresented regions of our planet. MDPI 2023-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10673233/ /pubmed/38004830 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112819 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Veloso, Marcelo
Waldisperg, Angie
Arros, Patricio
Berríos-Pastén, Camilo
Acosta, Joaquín
Colque, Hazajem
Varas, Macarena A.
Allende, Miguel L.
Orellana, Luis H.
Marcoleta, Andrés E.
Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title_full Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title_fullStr Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title_full_unstemmed Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title_short Diversity, Taxonomic Novelty, and Encoded Functions of Salar de Ascotán Microbiota, as Revealed by Metagenome-Assembled Genomes
title_sort diversity, taxonomic novelty, and encoded functions of salar de ascotán microbiota, as revealed by metagenome-assembled genomes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10673233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004830
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112819
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