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Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020

Brucella is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in sheep and goats (B. melitensis.); B. melitensis can also infect other animals. Sheep and goat brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy, including Campania, and causes considerable economic losses and...

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Autores principales: Brunetti, Roberta, Ottaiano, Maria, Fordellone, Mario, Chiodini, Paolo, Signoriello, Simona, Gargano, Federica, De Massis, Fabrizio, Baldi, Loredana, De Carlo, Esterina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10673264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112623
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author Brunetti, Roberta
Ottaiano, Maria
Fordellone, Mario
Chiodini, Paolo
Signoriello, Simona
Gargano, Federica
De Massis, Fabrizio
Baldi, Loredana
De Carlo, Esterina
author_facet Brunetti, Roberta
Ottaiano, Maria
Fordellone, Mario
Chiodini, Paolo
Signoriello, Simona
Gargano, Federica
De Massis, Fabrizio
Baldi, Loredana
De Carlo, Esterina
author_sort Brunetti, Roberta
collection PubMed
description Brucella is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in sheep and goats (B. melitensis.); B. melitensis can also infect other animals. Sheep and goat brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy, including Campania, and causes considerable economic losses and health threats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors influencing the spread of brucellosis among sheep and goat farms in the Campania region in order to provide the local veterinary services with practical support in evaluating and planning diagnostic, preventive and control interventions. The results of official controls for brucellosis carried out from 2015 to 2020 in the sheep and goat farms of the Campania Region were analyzed. Data were extracted from the National Veterinary Information Systems and the Laboratory Management System of the Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy. Statistical analysis was carried out through the software R version 4.1.0; the dataset consisted of 37,442 observations, and 9 qualitative and quantitative variables were evaluated on 8487 farms, 248 of which were positive. The association between covariates and the outcome (presence/absence of the disease) was evaluated (Fisher and Wilcoxon tests). A logistic regression model with mixed effects was carried out. This study confirmed that brucellosis in sheep and goats in the Campania region mostly occurs through contact with infected animals imported from other farms (OR = 3.41—IC 95% [1.82–6.41]). Farms with a greater number of animals were seen to be at the greatest risk of infection (OR = 1.04—IC 95% [1.03–1.05]); previous suspension of healthy status also proved to be a risk factor (OR = 55.8—IC 95% [26.7–117]).
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spelling pubmed-106732642023-10-24 Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020 Brunetti, Roberta Ottaiano, Maria Fordellone, Mario Chiodini, Paolo Signoriello, Simona Gargano, Federica De Massis, Fabrizio Baldi, Loredana De Carlo, Esterina Microorganisms Article Brucella is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in sheep and goats (B. melitensis.); B. melitensis can also infect other animals. Sheep and goat brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy, including Campania, and causes considerable economic losses and health threats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors influencing the spread of brucellosis among sheep and goat farms in the Campania region in order to provide the local veterinary services with practical support in evaluating and planning diagnostic, preventive and control interventions. The results of official controls for brucellosis carried out from 2015 to 2020 in the sheep and goat farms of the Campania Region were analyzed. Data were extracted from the National Veterinary Information Systems and the Laboratory Management System of the Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy. Statistical analysis was carried out through the software R version 4.1.0; the dataset consisted of 37,442 observations, and 9 qualitative and quantitative variables were evaluated on 8487 farms, 248 of which were positive. The association between covariates and the outcome (presence/absence of the disease) was evaluated (Fisher and Wilcoxon tests). A logistic regression model with mixed effects was carried out. This study confirmed that brucellosis in sheep and goats in the Campania region mostly occurs through contact with infected animals imported from other farms (OR = 3.41—IC 95% [1.82–6.41]). Farms with a greater number of animals were seen to be at the greatest risk of infection (OR = 1.04—IC 95% [1.03–1.05]); previous suspension of healthy status also proved to be a risk factor (OR = 55.8—IC 95% [26.7–117]). MDPI 2023-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10673264/ /pubmed/38004635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112623 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Brunetti, Roberta
Ottaiano, Maria
Fordellone, Mario
Chiodini, Paolo
Signoriello, Simona
Gargano, Federica
De Massis, Fabrizio
Baldi, Loredana
De Carlo, Esterina
Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title_full Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title_fullStr Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title_short Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020
title_sort risk factors for the spread of brucellosis in sheep and goats in the campania region in the years 2015–2020
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10673264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112623
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