Phenylboronic Acid and Amino Bifunctional Modified Adsorbent for Quickly Separating Phenolic Acids from Crude Extract of Clerodendranthus spicatus and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities

A novel phenylboronic acid and amino bifunctional modified silica gel (SiO(2)-NH(2)-FPBA) was prepared, which was 30–80 μm, had a pore size of 8.69 nm, a specific surface area of 206.89 m(2)/g, was stable at low temperature, and contained 0.4793 mmol/g of the phenylboronic acid group and 1.6377 mmol/g of the amino group. It was used to develop a rapid separation method for phenolic acids. The results showed that it could adsorb 93.64 mg/g caffeic acid, 89.35 mg/g protocatechuic acid and 79.66 mg/g gallic acid. The adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo-second-order model (R(2) > 0.99), and fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well (R(2) > 0.99). CH(3)COOH could effectively desorb phenolic acids (>90%) and did not destroy their structures. When SiO(2)-NH(2)-FPBA was added to crude extract of Clerodendranthus spicatus, 93.24% of the phenolic acids could be captured, and twenty-two kinds of phenolic acids were identified by Q Exactive HF LC-MS. Furthermore, the isolated phenolic acids from Clerodendranthus spicatus possessed great DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activities and ferric reducing power. They also demonstrated effective inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities (IC(50) = 110.63 ± 3.67 μg/mL and 64.76 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively). The findings indicate that SiO(2)-NH(2)-FPBA has significant potential in practical applications of separating active constituents from natural resources.