A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Approaches for Cutaneous and Genital Warts

Cutaneous and genital warts are common in both developed as well as developing countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a double-stranded DNA virus, is the causative agent of wart infection. Different types of HPV viruses are responsible for the different severity of diseases. Some types are associated with malignancy of the anal region and cervix. HPV is a common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. The incidence is most common in the younger age groups and the elderly population. Our main goal is to describe the different treatment modalities available for warts. Treatment modalities are divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary options. Topical medications, and physical excision of warts via cryotherapy, electrocautery, lasers, or photodynamic therapy are all common forms of treatment. Various clinical trials and randomized control trials have been seen as effective treatment against HPV infection. Higher remission rates are seen irrespective of different treatment options. Warts can be treated but the HPV virus cannot be completely removed. Older age, immunocompromised state, diabetes mellitus, and HIV are the predisposing factors for the disease. There is currently a large variety of medicines in use, all of which can differ significantly in terms of price, side-effect profiles, dosing regimens, length of therapy, and overall effectiveness. The best course of treatment has not yet been identified, and patients are often treated according to their unique needs.