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An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) has a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from an asymptomatic infection to a life threatening one. During pregnancy, it can lead to fetal loss and hydrops fetalis. This retrospective study examined the incidence rates of B19V in Israel, analyzing anonymized electronic medica...

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Autores principales: Patalon, Tal, Saciuk, Yaki, Trotzky, Daniel, Pachys, Gal, Ben-Tov, Amir, Segal, Yaakov, Gazit, Sivan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10674631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38005937
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15112261
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author Patalon, Tal
Saciuk, Yaki
Trotzky, Daniel
Pachys, Gal
Ben-Tov, Amir
Segal, Yaakov
Gazit, Sivan
author_facet Patalon, Tal
Saciuk, Yaki
Trotzky, Daniel
Pachys, Gal
Ben-Tov, Amir
Segal, Yaakov
Gazit, Sivan
author_sort Patalon, Tal
collection PubMed
description Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) has a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from an asymptomatic infection to a life threatening one. During pregnancy, it can lead to fetal loss and hydrops fetalis. This retrospective study examined the incidence rates of B19V in Israel, analyzing anonymized electronic medical records of 2.7 million individuals between January 2015 and September 2023. A generalized linear model with a Poisson distribution was fit to the data, adjusting for potential confounders. A marked increase in B19V was observed in 2023, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 6.6 (95% CI 6.33–6.89) when comparing 2023 to previous years. When specifically comparing 2023 to COVID-19 years (2020–2022), adjusted IRR climbs to 9.21 (8.66–9.80). Moreover, in 2023, previously existing seasonality has largely disappeared. High SES characterized most infected individuals with a marked discrepancy in social sectors; the Arab population was significantly less likely to be found B19V positive, even when adjusting for SES. Most infections occurred in school-aged children (6–11 years old). Pregnant women experienced the most significant rise in B19V, with an adjusted IRR of 11.47 (9.44–13.97) in 2023 compared to previous years; most cases were diagnosed in the first trimester. This study demonstrates that Israel is currently experiencing the largest and longest reported outbreak of B19V to date. Policymakers should consider setting screening policies in place, at least for populations at risk, while specifically studying and potentially targeting low socioeconomic populations and specific social sectors to avoid health inequalities.
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spelling pubmed-106746312023-11-16 An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel Patalon, Tal Saciuk, Yaki Trotzky, Daniel Pachys, Gal Ben-Tov, Amir Segal, Yaakov Gazit, Sivan Viruses Article Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) has a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from an asymptomatic infection to a life threatening one. During pregnancy, it can lead to fetal loss and hydrops fetalis. This retrospective study examined the incidence rates of B19V in Israel, analyzing anonymized electronic medical records of 2.7 million individuals between January 2015 and September 2023. A generalized linear model with a Poisson distribution was fit to the data, adjusting for potential confounders. A marked increase in B19V was observed in 2023, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 6.6 (95% CI 6.33–6.89) when comparing 2023 to previous years. When specifically comparing 2023 to COVID-19 years (2020–2022), adjusted IRR climbs to 9.21 (8.66–9.80). Moreover, in 2023, previously existing seasonality has largely disappeared. High SES characterized most infected individuals with a marked discrepancy in social sectors; the Arab population was significantly less likely to be found B19V positive, even when adjusting for SES. Most infections occurred in school-aged children (6–11 years old). Pregnant women experienced the most significant rise in B19V, with an adjusted IRR of 11.47 (9.44–13.97) in 2023 compared to previous years; most cases were diagnosed in the first trimester. This study demonstrates that Israel is currently experiencing the largest and longest reported outbreak of B19V to date. Policymakers should consider setting screening policies in place, at least for populations at risk, while specifically studying and potentially targeting low socioeconomic populations and specific social sectors to avoid health inequalities. MDPI 2023-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10674631/ /pubmed/38005937 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15112261 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Patalon, Tal
Saciuk, Yaki
Trotzky, Daniel
Pachys, Gal
Ben-Tov, Amir
Segal, Yaakov
Gazit, Sivan
An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title_full An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title_fullStr An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title_full_unstemmed An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title_short An Outbreak of Parvovirus B19 in Israel
title_sort outbreak of parvovirus b19 in israel
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10674631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38005937
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15112261
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