Cargando…
Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida
Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus, which includes smallpox and vaccinia virus (VACV). A global mpox outbreak which began in May 2022 has infected more than 88,000 people. VACV-based vaccines provide protection against mpox...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10675141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12111355 |
_version_ | 1785149785935708160 |
---|---|
author | Kupritz, Jonah Pahwa, Savita Pallikkuth, Suresh |
author_facet | Kupritz, Jonah Pahwa, Savita Pallikkuth, Suresh |
author_sort | Kupritz, Jonah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus, which includes smallpox and vaccinia virus (VACV). A global mpox outbreak which began in May 2022 has infected more than 88,000 people. VACV-based vaccines provide protection against mpox disease but complicate the use of serological assays for disease surveillance. We tested the reactivity of serum IgG from Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN)-vaccinated (n = 12) and convalescent mpox-infected (n = 5) individuals and uninfected, non-vaccinated controls (n = 32) to MPXV/VACV proteins A27, A29, A30, A35, B16, B21, C19, D6, E8, H3, I1, and L1. Using a subset of MPXV antigen-based assays (A35, B16, E8, H3, and I1), we conducted a mpox antibody survey of serum from 214 individuals, including 117 (54.7%) people with HIV (PWH) collected between June 2022 and January 2023, excluding individuals who reported recent mpox vaccination or infection, and 32 young, pre-pandemic controls. The convalescent sera reacted strongly to most tested antigens. Vaccine sera responses were limited to A35, E8, H3, and I1. IgG antibody to E8 was markedly elevated in all vaccinated individuals. B16 IgG showed high sensitivity (100% [95% CI: 56.55–100.0%]) and specificity (91.67% [64.61–99.57%]) for distinguishing infection from MVA-BN vaccination, while E8 IgG showed 100% [75.75–100] sensitivity and 100% [79.61–100] specificity for detecting and distinguishing vaccinated individuals from controls. We identified 11/214 (5.1%) recent serum samples and 1/32 (3.1%) young, pre-pandemic controls that were seropositive for ≥2 MPXV antibodies, including 6.8% of PWH. Seropositivity was 10/129 (7.8%) among males compared to 1/85 (1.2%) among females. Our findings provide insight into the humoral immune response to mpox and demonstrate the usefulness of inexpensive, antigen-based serosurveillance in identifying asymptomatic or unreported infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10675141 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106751412023-11-15 Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida Kupritz, Jonah Pahwa, Savita Pallikkuth, Suresh Pathogens Article Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus, which includes smallpox and vaccinia virus (VACV). A global mpox outbreak which began in May 2022 has infected more than 88,000 people. VACV-based vaccines provide protection against mpox disease but complicate the use of serological assays for disease surveillance. We tested the reactivity of serum IgG from Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN)-vaccinated (n = 12) and convalescent mpox-infected (n = 5) individuals and uninfected, non-vaccinated controls (n = 32) to MPXV/VACV proteins A27, A29, A30, A35, B16, B21, C19, D6, E8, H3, I1, and L1. Using a subset of MPXV antigen-based assays (A35, B16, E8, H3, and I1), we conducted a mpox antibody survey of serum from 214 individuals, including 117 (54.7%) people with HIV (PWH) collected between June 2022 and January 2023, excluding individuals who reported recent mpox vaccination or infection, and 32 young, pre-pandemic controls. The convalescent sera reacted strongly to most tested antigens. Vaccine sera responses were limited to A35, E8, H3, and I1. IgG antibody to E8 was markedly elevated in all vaccinated individuals. B16 IgG showed high sensitivity (100% [95% CI: 56.55–100.0%]) and specificity (91.67% [64.61–99.57%]) for distinguishing infection from MVA-BN vaccination, while E8 IgG showed 100% [75.75–100] sensitivity and 100% [79.61–100] specificity for detecting and distinguishing vaccinated individuals from controls. We identified 11/214 (5.1%) recent serum samples and 1/32 (3.1%) young, pre-pandemic controls that were seropositive for ≥2 MPXV antibodies, including 6.8% of PWH. Seropositivity was 10/129 (7.8%) among males compared to 1/85 (1.2%) among females. Our findings provide insight into the humoral immune response to mpox and demonstrate the usefulness of inexpensive, antigen-based serosurveillance in identifying asymptomatic or unreported infections. MDPI 2023-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10675141/ /pubmed/38003819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12111355 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kupritz, Jonah Pahwa, Savita Pallikkuth, Suresh Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title | Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title_full | Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title_fullStr | Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title_full_unstemmed | Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title_short | Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida |
title_sort | serosurvey of immunity to monkeypox (mpox) virus antigens in people living with hiv in south florida |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10675141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38003819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12111355 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kupritzjonah serosurveyofimmunitytomonkeypoxmpoxvirusantigensinpeoplelivingwithhivinsouthflorida AT pahwasavita serosurveyofimmunitytomonkeypoxmpoxvirusantigensinpeoplelivingwithhivinsouthflorida AT pallikkuthsuresh serosurveyofimmunitytomonkeypoxmpoxvirusantigensinpeoplelivingwithhivinsouthflorida |