Evidence for Dicot Plants as Alternative Hosts of Banana Bunchy Top Virus and Its Alphasatellites in South-East Asia

Banana bunchy top virus is a multicomponent circular ssDNA virus (family Nanoviridae) that causes one of the most devastating diseases of cultivated bananas and plantains (family Musaceae). It is transmitted by the aphids Pentalonia nigronervosa and P. caladii among host plants of Musaceae and some other families of monocots. Our Illumina sequencing reconstruction of virome components of BBTV-infected banana plants and their neighbor non-banana plants sampled in Vietnam and Laos revealed the monocot Commelina sp. (Commelinaceae) and the dicots Bidens pilosa and Chromolaena odorata (both Asteraceae) as hosts of BBTV and circular ssDNA alphasatellites (family Alphasatellitidae). Counting the proportions and relative abundances of Illumina reads representing BBTV genome components and alphasatellites suggested that Chromolaena and Commelina are poor hosts for BBTV and one to three alphasatellite species, whereas Bidens is a permissive host for BBTV and four alphasatellite species representing two genera of Alphasatellitidae. Our findings provide evidence for the dicot plants of family Asteraceae as alternative hosts of BBTV and its alphasatellites, which warrants further investigation of these and other dicots as a potential refuge and source of BBTV and multiple alphasatellites that become associated with this virus and likely affect its replication, transmission, and host range.