Conclusions from an Observational Study of Patients with Vascular Diseases Using the FMSF Technique

PURPOSE: There is great demand for a diagnostic tool for non-invasive assessment of vascular circulation and metabolic regulation. Assessing both these functions is crucial, as each can have a distinct response to hypoxia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) technique appears uniquely suitable for analysis of vascular circulation and metabolic regulation. In this observational study, the FMSF technique was used to diagnose patients with various vascular diseases. The study group consisted of 482 patients (264 females and 218 males) between the ages of 40–94 years with various vascular problems (arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and chronic venous disease). RESULTS: Three major FMSF parameters were used: Ischemic Response (IR(max)), Hyperemic Response (HR(max)), and Reactive Hyperemia Response (RHR). All three parameters were found to decrease with age with a distinguishable kinetics. The IR(max) parameter was used for characterization of metabolic reaction to transient hypoxia and HR(max) was used for characterization of macrocirculatory function. Both were sex-dependent. CONCLUSION: Females were metabolically less adaptive to transient hypoxia than males. However, macrocirculatory function was better in females than among males. Microcirculatory function decreases gradually with age, while macrocirculatory function decreases much more slowly with age, with a tendency to stabilize after 70 years of age.