1928. Trends In Incidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) In Seven US sites, 2016─2020

BACKGROUND: Preventing CRE spread is a U.S. public health priority. We described changes in 2016─2020 CRE incidence rates in 7 U.S. sites that conduct population-based CRE surveillance for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Emerging Infections Program. METHODS: An incident CRE case from 2016 onwards was defined as the 1(st) isolation of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., or Enterobacter spp. resistant to ≥1 carbapenem from a sterile site or urine in a surveillance area resident in a 30-day period. We reviewed medical records to classify cases as hospital-onset (HO) if the culture was obtained >3 days after hospital admission; healthcare-associated, community-onset (HACO) if the culture was obtained in a non-hospital setting or < 3 days after hospital admission in a person with healthcare exposures in the prior year; and community-associated (CA) if there were no healthcare risk factors. We calculated incidence rates using Census data. We used Poisson mixed effects regression models to perform 2016─2020 trend analyses, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, and age. We compared adjusted incidence rates between 2016 and subsequent years using incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We also repeated the analysis using a pre-2016 CRE surveillance case definition that was more specific for carbapenemase-producing CRE and required carbapenem nonsusceptibility (excluding ertapenem) and third-generation cephalosporin resistance. RESULTS: Of 4996 CRE cases, 62% were HACO, 25% CA, and 14% HO. The crude CRE incidence rate per 100,000 was 7.51 in 2016 and 6.08 in 2020 and was highest for HACO, followed by CA and HO (Figure 1). Compared to 2016, the adjusted overall CRE incidence rate declined since 2018, with a decrease of 24% (RR 0.76; 95% CI: 0.70−0.83) in 2020 (Figure 2). HACO and CA CRE rates significantly decreased in 2020, but the HO rate did not. Similar trends were seen using the other case definition, except the decline in CA CRE rate since 2016 was not significant (Figure 3). [Figure: see text] [Figure: see text] [Figure: see text] CONCLUSION: Adjusted CRE incidence rates declined from 2016 to 2020 using current and prior case definitions but changes over time varied by epidemiologic class. Continued surveillance and effective control strategies are needed to prevent CRE in all settings. DISCLOSURES: Ghinwa Dumyati, MD, Pfizer: Grant/Research Support Rebecca Tsay, MPH, CDC: Grant/Research Support