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2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 continued to emerge new variants. Omicron variants had become world predominance. There were increase in number of breakthrough infections. This study aimed to evaluated immunity after breakthrough infections in Thai patients, given high varieties of vaccination regimens....

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Autores principales: Harnphadungkit, Monprach, Putcharoen, Opass, Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10678780/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1973
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author Harnphadungkit, Monprach
Putcharoen, Opass
Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
author_facet Harnphadungkit, Monprach
Putcharoen, Opass
Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
author_sort Harnphadungkit, Monprach
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 continued to emerge new variants. Omicron variants had become world predominance. There were increase in number of breakthrough infections. This study aimed to evaluated immunity after breakthrough infections in Thai patients, given high varieties of vaccination regimens. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) and enrolled participants with breakthrough infections during April 2022 in outpatient setting. Serum sample was evaluated at baseline, 1-month, and 3-months post-infection. Surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT), using cPASS GenScript(TM), was used to evaluate the neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and Omicron variants. RESULTS: A total of 109 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 36 years (IQR: 28-45). Nine vaccination regimens were observed, with all but one participant receiving at least one dose of booster vaccination. The most common duration from last vaccination to enrollment was 3-4 months. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 was the predominant strain (97.8%). At baseline, the highest sVNT was observed against wild-type, followed by Omicron BA.2 and Omicron BA.1. At 1-month post-infection, we observed a non-significant increase in sVNT against wild-type (p=0.11), but a significant increase in antibodies against Omicron BA.2 (p < 0.01) then stable at 3-month post-infection. Of the participants, 31 received a booster vaccine before the scheduled 3-month follow-up, and their sVNT levels at 3-month post-infection were similar to those who did not receive a booster. This study found no difference in post-infection sVNT level across previous vaccination regimens. [Figure: see text] Table 1: Baseline characteristics of participants. Continuous data are presented as median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical data are presented as number and percentage. Baseline sVNT against SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 [Figure: see text] Figure 1A Baseline sVNT (%) results for SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. Figure 1B Baseline sVNT (%) results for SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 stratified by time from last vaccination. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval of means. ns: non-significant, *p<0.05, **p<0.01. [Figure: see text] CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that, in outpatient setting, neutralizing antibody responses to wild-type and Omicron BA.2 are durable up to three months following natural infection regardless of previous vaccination regimens. Further research is needed to determine the long-term durability of these immune responses and the need for booster vaccination in the context of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants DISCLOSURES: All Authors: No reported disclosures
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spelling pubmed-106787802023-11-27 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study Harnphadungkit, Monprach Putcharoen, Opass Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn Open Forum Infect Dis Abstract BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 continued to emerge new variants. Omicron variants had become world predominance. There were increase in number of breakthrough infections. This study aimed to evaluated immunity after breakthrough infections in Thai patients, given high varieties of vaccination regimens. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) and enrolled participants with breakthrough infections during April 2022 in outpatient setting. Serum sample was evaluated at baseline, 1-month, and 3-months post-infection. Surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT), using cPASS GenScript(TM), was used to evaluate the neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and Omicron variants. RESULTS: A total of 109 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 36 years (IQR: 28-45). Nine vaccination regimens were observed, with all but one participant receiving at least one dose of booster vaccination. The most common duration from last vaccination to enrollment was 3-4 months. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 was the predominant strain (97.8%). At baseline, the highest sVNT was observed against wild-type, followed by Omicron BA.2 and Omicron BA.1. At 1-month post-infection, we observed a non-significant increase in sVNT against wild-type (p=0.11), but a significant increase in antibodies against Omicron BA.2 (p < 0.01) then stable at 3-month post-infection. Of the participants, 31 received a booster vaccine before the scheduled 3-month follow-up, and their sVNT levels at 3-month post-infection were similar to those who did not receive a booster. This study found no difference in post-infection sVNT level across previous vaccination regimens. [Figure: see text] Table 1: Baseline characteristics of participants. Continuous data are presented as median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical data are presented as number and percentage. Baseline sVNT against SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 [Figure: see text] Figure 1A Baseline sVNT (%) results for SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. Figure 1B Baseline sVNT (%) results for SARS-CoV-2 wild type, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 stratified by time from last vaccination. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval of means. ns: non-significant, *p<0.05, **p<0.01. [Figure: see text] CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that, in outpatient setting, neutralizing antibody responses to wild-type and Omicron BA.2 are durable up to three months following natural infection regardless of previous vaccination regimens. Further research is needed to determine the long-term durability of these immune responses and the need for booster vaccination in the context of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants DISCLOSURES: All Authors: No reported disclosures Oxford University Press 2023-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10678780/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1973 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Abstract
Harnphadungkit, Monprach
Putcharoen, Opass
Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title_full 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title_short 2352. The Dynamic Change in Humeral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants in Patients with Breakthrough Infection: The Prospective Cohort Study
title_sort 2352. the dynamic change in humeral immunity against sars-cov-2 omicron subvariants in patients with breakthrough infection: the prospective cohort study
topic Abstract
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10678780/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1973
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