Influence of closed‐incision negative‐pressure wound therapy on the incidence of surgical site wound infection in patients undergoing spine surgery: A meta‐analysis

The present meta‐analysis was conducted to comprehensively assess the impact of closed‐incision negative‐pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) on the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery, thereby aiming to provide evidence‐based support for the prevention of postoperative wound infections during spinal surgery. Relevant studies pertaining to the application of ciNPWT in spinal surgery were retrieved through searches of the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases, spanning from their inception to May 2023. The literature screening and data extraction were performed by two researchers based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by a quality assessment of the included studies. Meta‐analyses were performed using the odds ratios (ORs) and standardised mean differences (SMDs) as effect variables. RevMan 14.0 and STATA 17.0 were employed for meta‐analysis of the extracted data. In total, eight articles involving 1198 patients, including 391 in the experimental group and 807 in the control group, were included. The meta‐analysis results revealed that ciNPWT significantly reduced the incidence of SSIs in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery (OR, 0.39; 95% CI: 0.22–0.67, p = 0.0007); however, it did not lead to a reduction in hospital stay duration (SMD: −0.48, 95% CI: −0.98 to 0.01, p = 0.06). Existing evidence suggests that ciNPWT has a positive impact on patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery, as it significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative surgical site wound infections; however, it does not result in a shorter hospital stay for patients.