Development and evaluation of mouse anti-Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 IgE monoclonal antibodies for advancing peanut allergy research

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to peanuts are a considerable public health concern due to the acute and severe IgE mediated reactions. To conduct research on the pathogenesis and therapeutics of peanut allergies, it is imperative to have mouse anti-crude peanut extract (CPE) IgE monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for both in-vitro and in-vivo assays. Without these tools, it is difficult to advance research in this field. In this study, four hybridomas producing anti-CPE IgE mAbs were developed and the IgE mAbs were validated using immune-blot analysis, Sandwich ELISA, Indirect ELISA, a cell-based assay using RBL-2H3 cells, and footpad type I hypersensitivity reaction studies in mice. The results indicate that two of the four mAbs can be effectively used for both in-vitro and in-vivo peanut allergy studies, as they induce allergic reactions with sensitization alone in mice. These novel anti-Ara h1 and Ara h 3 IgE mAbs, in combination with the detailed protocols outlined in this article, offer valuable guidance for studying acute allergic reactions involving mast cells across various platforms. With some considerations, the IgE mAbs can significantly advance peanut allergy research.