Myocardial creep and cardiorespiratory motion correction improves diagnostic accuracy of Rubidium-82 cardiac positron emission tomography

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of retrospectively detecting and correcting periodical (cardiac and respiratory motion) and non-periodical shifts of the myocardial position (myocardial creep) using only the acquired Rubidium-82 positron emission tomography raw (listmode) data. METHODS: This study comprised 25 healthy participants (median age = 23 years) who underwent repeat rest/adenosine stress Rubidium-82 myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and 53 patients (median age = 64 years) considered for revascularization who underwent a single MPI session. All subjects were evaluated for myocardial creep during MPI by assessing the myocardial position every 200 ms. A proposed motion correction protocol, including corrections for cardiorespiratory and creep motion (3xMC), was compared to a guideline-recommended protocol (Standard(Recon)). For the volunteers, we report test-retest repeatability using standard error of measurements (SEM). For the patient cohort, we evaluated the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for both stress and ischemic total perfusion deficits (sTPD and iTPD, respectively) using myocardial ischemia defined as fractional flow reserve values < 0.8 in the relevant coronary segment as the gold standard. RESULTS: Test-retest repeatability was significantly improved following corrections for myocardial creep (SEM; sTPD: Standard(Recon) = 2.2, 3xMC = 1.8; iTPD: Standard(Recon) = 1.6, 3xMC = 1.2). AUC analysis of the ROC curves revealed significant improvements for iTPD measurements following 3xMC [sTPD: Standard(Recon) = 0.88, 3xMC = 0.92 (P = .21); iTPD: Standard(Recon) = 0.88, 3xMC = 0.95 (P = .039)]. CONCLUSION: 3xMC has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy of myocardial MPI obtained from positron emission tomography. Therefore, its use should be considered both in clinical routine and large-scale multicenter studies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12350-023-03360-x.