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Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) patients may have gastrointestinal (GI) involvement and suffer from infections, which are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological features of CVID patients with GI symptoms a...

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Autores principales: Chen, Yang, You, Yan, Li, Ji, Yang, Aiming, Zhou, Weixun, Li, Xiaoqing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10683160/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38017379
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12876-023-03052-3
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author Chen, Yang
You, Yan
Li, Ji
Yang, Aiming
Zhou, Weixun
Li, Xiaoqing
author_facet Chen, Yang
You, Yan
Li, Ji
Yang, Aiming
Zhou, Weixun
Li, Xiaoqing
author_sort Chen, Yang
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) patients may have gastrointestinal (GI) involvement and suffer from infections, which are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological features of CVID patients with GI symptoms and determine their correlation with infections. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 21 CVID patients with GI symptoms who underwent endoscopic examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2020. The clinical, infectious, endoscopic, and histopathological features were reassessed. RESULTS: Chronic diarrhea was the most prevalent GI symptom, observed in 95.2% of our CVID cohort. Over 85% of patients had low body weight and malabsorption. Small bowel villous atrophy was found in 90.5% of patients under endoscopy and mostly confirmed by histopathology. GI infections were identified in 9 (42.9%) patients. Of these, 7 patients with diffuse and obvious nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) of small bowel under endoscopy had significantly higher infection rate (85.7% vs 21.4%, p < 0.05), predominantly with Giardia and bacteria. Small bowel biopsies showed 95% of patients lacked plasma cells and 60% had increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), but not significantly different between GI infection and non-infection group. Most patients improved after intravenous immunoglobulin and anti-infection therapy. CONCLUSIONS: CVID could involve GI tract, particularly small bowel. Obvious NLH under endoscopy could be a hint for GI infection in CVID patients. Comprehensive endoscopic and histopathological evaluation may be helpful in CVID diagnosis and identification of potential co-infection, leading to proper treatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-023-03052-3.
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spelling pubmed-106831602023-11-30 Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms Chen, Yang You, Yan Li, Ji Yang, Aiming Zhou, Weixun Li, Xiaoqing BMC Gastroenterol Research BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) patients may have gastrointestinal (GI) involvement and suffer from infections, which are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological features of CVID patients with GI symptoms and determine their correlation with infections. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 21 CVID patients with GI symptoms who underwent endoscopic examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2020. The clinical, infectious, endoscopic, and histopathological features were reassessed. RESULTS: Chronic diarrhea was the most prevalent GI symptom, observed in 95.2% of our CVID cohort. Over 85% of patients had low body weight and malabsorption. Small bowel villous atrophy was found in 90.5% of patients under endoscopy and mostly confirmed by histopathology. GI infections were identified in 9 (42.9%) patients. Of these, 7 patients with diffuse and obvious nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) of small bowel under endoscopy had significantly higher infection rate (85.7% vs 21.4%, p < 0.05), predominantly with Giardia and bacteria. Small bowel biopsies showed 95% of patients lacked plasma cells and 60% had increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), but not significantly different between GI infection and non-infection group. Most patients improved after intravenous immunoglobulin and anti-infection therapy. CONCLUSIONS: CVID could involve GI tract, particularly small bowel. Obvious NLH under endoscopy could be a hint for GI infection in CVID patients. Comprehensive endoscopic and histopathological evaluation may be helpful in CVID diagnosis and identification of potential co-infection, leading to proper treatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-023-03052-3. BioMed Central 2023-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10683160/ /pubmed/38017379 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12876-023-03052-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Chen, Yang
You, Yan
Li, Ji
Yang, Aiming
Zhou, Weixun
Li, Xiaoqing
Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title_full Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title_fullStr Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title_full_unstemmed Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title_short Endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
title_sort endoscopic and histopathological hints on infections in patients of common variable immunodeficiency disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10683160/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38017379
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12876-023-03052-3
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