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A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components
BACKGROUND: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are complex multicomponent interventions that represent a promising healthcare-based concept for physical activity (PA) promotion. This systematic review and narrative synthesis aimed to identify the constitutive components of PARS and provide an...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10683187/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38012688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01518-x |
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author | Mino, Eriselda Hanson, Coral L. Naber, Inga Weissenfels, Anja McHale, Sheona Saftig, Jane Klamroth, Sarah Gelius, Peter Abu-Omar, Karim Whiting, Stephen Wickramasinghe, Kremlin Galea, Gauden Pfeifer, Klaus Geidl, Wolfgang |
author_facet | Mino, Eriselda Hanson, Coral L. Naber, Inga Weissenfels, Anja McHale, Sheona Saftig, Jane Klamroth, Sarah Gelius, Peter Abu-Omar, Karim Whiting, Stephen Wickramasinghe, Kremlin Galea, Gauden Pfeifer, Klaus Geidl, Wolfgang |
author_sort | Mino, Eriselda |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are complex multicomponent interventions that represent a promising healthcare-based concept for physical activity (PA) promotion. This systematic review and narrative synthesis aimed to identify the constitutive components of PARS and provide an overview of their effectiveness. METHODS: Following a published protocol, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, HTA, Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and CORE from 1990 to January 2023. We included experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational studies that targeted adults participating in PARS and reported PA outcomes, scheme uptake, or adherence rates. We performed an intervention components analysis using the PARS taxonomy to identify scheme components and extracted data related to uptake, adherence, and PA behavior change. We combined these to provide a narrative summary of PARS effectiveness. RESULTS: We included 57 studies reporting on 36 PARS models from twelve countries. We identified 19 PARS components: a patient-centered approach, individualized content, behavior change theory and techniques, screening, brief advice, written materials, a written prescription, referral, baseline and exit consultation, counselling support session(s), PA sessions, education session(s), action for non-attendance, structured follow-up, a PA network, feedback for the referrer, and exit strategies/routes. The PARS models contained a mean of 7 ± 2.9 components (range = 2–13). Forty-five studies reported PA outcome data, 28 reported uptake, and 34 reported adherence rates. Of these, approximately two-thirds of studies reported a positive effect on participant PA levels, with a wide range of uptake (5.7–100.0%) and adherence rates (8.5–95.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity referral scheme components are an important source of complexity. Despite the heterogeneous nature of scheme designs, our synthesis was able to identify 19 components. Further research is required to determine the influence of these components on PARS uptake, adherence, and PA behavior change. To facilitate this, researchers and scheme providers must report PARS designs in more detail. Process evaluations are also needed to examine implementation and increase our understanding of what components lead to which outcomes. This will facilitate future comparisons between PARS and enable the development of models to maximize impact. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-023-01518-x. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10683187 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106831872023-11-30 A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components Mino, Eriselda Hanson, Coral L. Naber, Inga Weissenfels, Anja McHale, Sheona Saftig, Jane Klamroth, Sarah Gelius, Peter Abu-Omar, Karim Whiting, Stephen Wickramasinghe, Kremlin Galea, Gauden Pfeifer, Klaus Geidl, Wolfgang Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Review BACKGROUND: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are complex multicomponent interventions that represent a promising healthcare-based concept for physical activity (PA) promotion. This systematic review and narrative synthesis aimed to identify the constitutive components of PARS and provide an overview of their effectiveness. METHODS: Following a published protocol, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, HTA, Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and CORE from 1990 to January 2023. We included experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational studies that targeted adults participating in PARS and reported PA outcomes, scheme uptake, or adherence rates. We performed an intervention components analysis using the PARS taxonomy to identify scheme components and extracted data related to uptake, adherence, and PA behavior change. We combined these to provide a narrative summary of PARS effectiveness. RESULTS: We included 57 studies reporting on 36 PARS models from twelve countries. We identified 19 PARS components: a patient-centered approach, individualized content, behavior change theory and techniques, screening, brief advice, written materials, a written prescription, referral, baseline and exit consultation, counselling support session(s), PA sessions, education session(s), action for non-attendance, structured follow-up, a PA network, feedback for the referrer, and exit strategies/routes. The PARS models contained a mean of 7 ± 2.9 components (range = 2–13). Forty-five studies reported PA outcome data, 28 reported uptake, and 34 reported adherence rates. Of these, approximately two-thirds of studies reported a positive effect on participant PA levels, with a wide range of uptake (5.7–100.0%) and adherence rates (8.5–95.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity referral scheme components are an important source of complexity. Despite the heterogeneous nature of scheme designs, our synthesis was able to identify 19 components. Further research is required to determine the influence of these components on PARS uptake, adherence, and PA behavior change. To facilitate this, researchers and scheme providers must report PARS designs in more detail. Process evaluations are also needed to examine implementation and increase our understanding of what components lead to which outcomes. This will facilitate future comparisons between PARS and enable the development of models to maximize impact. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-023-01518-x. BioMed Central 2023-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10683187/ /pubmed/38012688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01518-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Mino, Eriselda Hanson, Coral L. Naber, Inga Weissenfels, Anja McHale, Sheona Saftig, Jane Klamroth, Sarah Gelius, Peter Abu-Omar, Karim Whiting, Stephen Wickramasinghe, Kremlin Galea, Gauden Pfeifer, Klaus Geidl, Wolfgang A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title | A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title_full | A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title_fullStr | A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title_full_unstemmed | A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title_short | A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
title_sort | systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes’ components |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10683187/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38012688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01518-x |
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