Resilience in maize production for food security: Evaluating the role of climate-related abiotic stress in Pakistan

The primary purpose of this research is to examine the impact of climate change on maize production in Pakistan. This research studied the impact of climate change on maize production in Pakistan from 1990 to 2020 using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique and draws implications for the future of Pakistan's sustainable agricultural industry. According to ARDL's short-run and long-run analyses, variables such as average temperature (AVEGTP), carbon dioxide (CO2), precipitation (PRPT), and tube well irrigation (TWL) all have a significant short-run and long-run impact on maize yield at the 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % significance levels. The estimated findings were also affirmed through FMOLS and DOLS. The study's key findings indicated that variables such as average temperature, carbon dioxide, precipitation, and tube well irrigation had significant short-run and long-run impacts on maize yield. Climate change's impacts on maize yield underline the crucial need for action to address this global issue and ensure agriculture's future. A recent study has emphasized the significant impact of climate change on Pakistan's maize production, stressing the importance of addressing this global issue for food security. The study recommends selecting crop varieties and managing fertilizer applications based on projected climate change to mitigate the impending crisis. Policymakers can use the study's findings as valuable insights to formulate effective policies that ensure the resilience and sustainability of Pakistan's agricultural industry.