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Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology

Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; however, these...

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Autores principales: Kondou, Hiroki, Morohashi, Rina, Kimura, Satoko, Idota, Nozomi, Matsunari, Ryota, Ichioka, Hiroaki, Bandou, Risa, Kawamoto, Masataka, Ting, Deng, Ikegaya, Hiroshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10686987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38030742
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3
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author Kondou, Hiroki
Morohashi, Rina
Kimura, Satoko
Idota, Nozomi
Matsunari, Ryota
Ichioka, Hiroaki
Bandou, Risa
Kawamoto, Masataka
Ting, Deng
Ikegaya, Hiroshi
author_facet Kondou, Hiroki
Morohashi, Rina
Kimura, Satoko
Idota, Nozomi
Matsunari, Ryota
Ichioka, Hiroaki
Bandou, Risa
Kawamoto, Masataka
Ting, Deng
Ikegaya, Hiroshi
author_sort Kondou, Hiroki
collection PubMed
description Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; however, these evaluations require sufficient experience and knowledge and lack objectivity and reproducibility. To ensure objectivity and reproducibility for sex evaluation, we applied a gated attention-based multiple-instance learning model to three-dimensional (3D) skull images reconstructed from postmortem head computed tomography scans. We preprocessed the images, trained with 864 training data, validated the model with 124 validation data, and evaluated the performance of our model in terms of accuracy with 246 test data. Furthermore, three forensic scientists evaluated the 3D skull images, and their performances were compared with those of the model. Our model showed an accuracy of 0.93, which was higher than that of the forensic scientists. Our model primarily focused on the entire skull owing to visualization but focused less on the areas often investigated by forensic scientists. In summary, our model may serve as a supportive tool to identify cadaver sex based on skull shape. Further studies are required to improve the model’s performance.
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spelling pubmed-106869872023-11-30 Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology Kondou, Hiroki Morohashi, Rina Kimura, Satoko Idota, Nozomi Matsunari, Ryota Ichioka, Hiroaki Bandou, Risa Kawamoto, Masataka Ting, Deng Ikegaya, Hiroshi Sci Rep Article Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; however, these evaluations require sufficient experience and knowledge and lack objectivity and reproducibility. To ensure objectivity and reproducibility for sex evaluation, we applied a gated attention-based multiple-instance learning model to three-dimensional (3D) skull images reconstructed from postmortem head computed tomography scans. We preprocessed the images, trained with 864 training data, validated the model with 124 validation data, and evaluated the performance of our model in terms of accuracy with 246 test data. Furthermore, three forensic scientists evaluated the 3D skull images, and their performances were compared with those of the model. Our model showed an accuracy of 0.93, which was higher than that of the forensic scientists. Our model primarily focused on the entire skull owing to visualization but focused less on the areas often investigated by forensic scientists. In summary, our model may serve as a supportive tool to identify cadaver sex based on skull shape. Further studies are required to improve the model’s performance. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10686987/ /pubmed/38030742 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Kondou, Hiroki
Morohashi, Rina
Kimura, Satoko
Idota, Nozomi
Matsunari, Ryota
Ichioka, Hiroaki
Bandou, Risa
Kawamoto, Masataka
Ting, Deng
Ikegaya, Hiroshi
Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title_full Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title_fullStr Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title_full_unstemmed Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title_short Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
title_sort artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of east asian cadavers from skull morphology
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10686987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38030742
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3
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