Chalcones: The flavonoid derivatives synthesis, characterization, their antioxidant and in vitro/in vivo antidiabetic potentials

Chalcones (designated JA1, JA2 and JA3) were prepared from aromatic aldehyde and acetophenone which were then characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The antioxidant potential of synthesized compounds was evaluated against DPPH free radical whereas the antidiabetic potential was determined against alpha glucosidase. Further the antidiabetic potential of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in rat model which were given orally experimental animals in doses 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight. The blood biochemical parameters like total cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine phosphatase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum creatinine, HDL, and LDL levels were determined using commercially available kits. The antioxidant potential was found high for JA3 followed by JA2 with IC(50) value of 64.02 ± 1.47 μg/ml whereas against alpha glucosidase again the same compound with IC(50) of 63.04 μg/ml exhibited highest inhibitory potential. The blood glucose level was brought to almost normal level (126.88 and 119.13 mg/dl at 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) in diabetic rats (induced by STZ) by compound JA3 at the tested doses in comparison to acarbose at day 28th. The blood biochemical parameters were normalized in diabetic rats by compound JA3 compared with diabetic control group. Based on the results JA3 should be considered as effective antioxidant and antidiabetic drug candidate.