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Sellar Mass in 2 Patients With Acute-Onset Headache and Visual Symptoms: Not Your Usual Pituitary Adenoma

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Clinical diagnosis of rare aggressive sellar malignancies requires a high index of suspicion. The objective was to report 2 patients with primary sellar atypical teratoid (AT)/rhabdoid tumor (RT) who presented with acute-onset headache and visual symptoms. CASE REPORT: Patient...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Yu, Run
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Association of Clinical Endocrinology 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690422/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38045795
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aace.2023.09.004
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Clinical diagnosis of rare aggressive sellar malignancies requires a high index of suspicion. The objective was to report 2 patients with primary sellar atypical teratoid (AT)/rhabdoid tumor (RT) who presented with acute-onset headache and visual symptoms. CASE REPORT: Patient 1 was a 45-year-old woman who presented with 3 weeks of headache and 1 week of eye pain and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a 2.2-cm sellar mass. Pituitary hormone testing showed elevated prolactin and suppressed luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and estradiol levels. Patient 2 was a 32-year-old woman who presented with 1 month of headache and 1 week of diplopia. MRI showed a 2.1-cm sellar mass. Hormonal test results were reportedly unremarkable. Both patients did not have a significant medical history. They each underwent transsphenoidal resection. Surgical histology and molecular studies were consistent with primary sellar AT/RT. After surgery, patient 1 developed bilateral blindness and was lost to follow-up. Patient 2 developed hypopituitarism; her visual symptoms improved temporarily but recurred 2 weeks later. Pituitary MRI showed sellar recurrence. She underwent further debulking, but the tumor recurred promptly again. Despite radiation therapy, she died 4 months after the original presentation. DISCUSSION: AT/RT appears to be the most aggressive sellar malignancy. CONCLUSION: Based on the 2 cases presented and the literature, I conclude that rapidly progressive headache with subsequent visual impairment in women with large sellar masses is almost pathognomonic of sellar AT/RT.