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Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya

BACKGROUND: Children in Kenya spend a substantial amount of time at school, including at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are active. With changing vector behaviour towards early morning biting, it is important to determine whether there is an additional risk of transmission in schools. This study soug...

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Autores principales: Omondi, Seline, Kosgei, Jackline, Musula, George, Muchoki, Margaret, Abong’o, Bernard, Agumba, Silas, Ogwang, Caroline, McDermott, Daniel P., Donnelly, Martin J., Staedke, Sarah G., Schultz, Jonathan, Gutman, Julie R., Gimnig, John E., Ochomo, Eric
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38037026
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04806-w
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author Omondi, Seline
Kosgei, Jackline
Musula, George
Muchoki, Margaret
Abong’o, Bernard
Agumba, Silas
Ogwang, Caroline
McDermott, Daniel P.
Donnelly, Martin J.
Staedke, Sarah G.
Schultz, Jonathan
Gutman, Julie R.
Gimnig, John E.
Ochomo, Eric
author_facet Omondi, Seline
Kosgei, Jackline
Musula, George
Muchoki, Margaret
Abong’o, Bernard
Agumba, Silas
Ogwang, Caroline
McDermott, Daniel P.
Donnelly, Martin J.
Staedke, Sarah G.
Schultz, Jonathan
Gutman, Julie R.
Gimnig, John E.
Ochomo, Eric
author_sort Omondi, Seline
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Children in Kenya spend a substantial amount of time at school, including at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are active. With changing vector behaviour towards early morning biting, it is important to determine whether there is an additional risk of transmission in schools. This study sought to understand whether late morning biting by Anopheles funestus, previously documented in households in western Kenya, was replicated in schools. METHODS: From the 4th to the 6th of August 2023, human landing collections were conducted hourly in four schools in Alego Usonga sub-County, Siaya County. The collections were conducted in and outside five classrooms in each school and ran for 17 h, starting at 18:00 until 11:00 h the next morning. RESULTS: Anopheles funestus was the predominant species collected, forming 93.2% (N = 727) of the entire collection, with peak landing between 06:00 and 07:00 h and continuing until 11:00 h. More than half of the collected An. funestus were either fed or gravid, potentially indicative of multiple bloodmeals within each gonotrophic cycle, and had a sporozoite rate of 2.05%. CONCLUSION: School children spend up to 10 h of their daytime in schools, reporting between 06:00 and 07:00 h and staying in school until as late as 17:00 h, meaning that they receive potentially infectious mosquito bites during the morning hours in these settings. There is a need to consider vector control approaches targeting schools and other peridomestic spaces in the morning hours when An. funestus is active.
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spelling pubmed-106910092023-12-02 Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya Omondi, Seline Kosgei, Jackline Musula, George Muchoki, Margaret Abong’o, Bernard Agumba, Silas Ogwang, Caroline McDermott, Daniel P. Donnelly, Martin J. Staedke, Sarah G. Schultz, Jonathan Gutman, Julie R. Gimnig, John E. Ochomo, Eric Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Children in Kenya spend a substantial amount of time at school, including at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are active. With changing vector behaviour towards early morning biting, it is important to determine whether there is an additional risk of transmission in schools. This study sought to understand whether late morning biting by Anopheles funestus, previously documented in households in western Kenya, was replicated in schools. METHODS: From the 4th to the 6th of August 2023, human landing collections were conducted hourly in four schools in Alego Usonga sub-County, Siaya County. The collections were conducted in and outside five classrooms in each school and ran for 17 h, starting at 18:00 until 11:00 h the next morning. RESULTS: Anopheles funestus was the predominant species collected, forming 93.2% (N = 727) of the entire collection, with peak landing between 06:00 and 07:00 h and continuing until 11:00 h. More than half of the collected An. funestus were either fed or gravid, potentially indicative of multiple bloodmeals within each gonotrophic cycle, and had a sporozoite rate of 2.05%. CONCLUSION: School children spend up to 10 h of their daytime in schools, reporting between 06:00 and 07:00 h and staying in school until as late as 17:00 h, meaning that they receive potentially infectious mosquito bites during the morning hours in these settings. There is a need to consider vector control approaches targeting schools and other peridomestic spaces in the morning hours when An. funestus is active. BioMed Central 2023-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10691009/ /pubmed/38037026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04806-w Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Omondi, Seline
Kosgei, Jackline
Musula, George
Muchoki, Margaret
Abong’o, Bernard
Agumba, Silas
Ogwang, Caroline
McDermott, Daniel P.
Donnelly, Martin J.
Staedke, Sarah G.
Schultz, Jonathan
Gutman, Julie R.
Gimnig, John E.
Ochomo, Eric
Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title_full Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title_fullStr Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title_short Late morning biting behaviour of Anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in Siaya, western Kenya
title_sort late morning biting behaviour of anopheles funestus is a risk factor for transmission in schools in siaya, western kenya
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691009/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38037026
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04806-w
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