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The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead

BACKGROUND: Aquatic organisms demonstrate a high vulnerability to mortality when exposed to Pb, even at low concentrations. The objective of this investigation is to ascertain the histopathological alterations and cortisol concentrations in diverse tissues of Gambusia affinis, with a specific focus...

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Autores principales: Adam, Moh Awaludin, Soegianto, Agoes, Risjani, Yenny, Payus, Carolyn Melissa, Yoga, R. Gunawan Pratama, Sadi, Nina Hermayani, Susanti, Evi, Khumaidi, Ach, Ramli, Ramli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38046196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6649258
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author Adam, Moh Awaludin
Soegianto, Agoes
Risjani, Yenny
Payus, Carolyn Melissa
Yoga, R. Gunawan Pratama
Sadi, Nina Hermayani
Susanti, Evi
Khumaidi, Ach
Ramli, Ramli
author_facet Adam, Moh Awaludin
Soegianto, Agoes
Risjani, Yenny
Payus, Carolyn Melissa
Yoga, R. Gunawan Pratama
Sadi, Nina Hermayani
Susanti, Evi
Khumaidi, Ach
Ramli, Ramli
author_sort Adam, Moh Awaludin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Aquatic organisms demonstrate a high vulnerability to mortality when exposed to Pb, even at low concentrations. The objective of this investigation is to ascertain the histopathological alterations and cortisol concentrations in diverse tissues of Gambusia affinis, with a specific focus on the eggs and larvae, following exposure to varying concentrations of PbCl(2). METHODS: Adult specimens of G. affinis measuring 5-6 cm in length were obtained from a commercial fish breeding facility. A total of 8 fish with a 1 : 1 ratio of 4 pairs of broodstock were placed in an 8-liter aquarium. Following the adaptation phase, the broodstock underwent a spawning process that lasted for a duration of 7 days. Throughout the spawning process, assessments were conducted on the progression of the abdominal growth of the broodstock. Eggs ready to hatch and Gambusia larvae were taken and exposed to 0.1 mg/L PbCl(2), 1 mg/L PbCl(2), and control (without PbCl(2)) for 24 hours, with three replications. At the end of the experiment, histopathological analysis was conducted using the hematoxylin Ehrlich-eosin staining method and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation. The levels of Pb in gills were determined by employing atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The cortisol concentration in organ samples of fish was determined through the utilization of a cortisol ELISA Kit. RESULTS: The findings of this investigation demonstrated an important bioaccumulation occurrence of Pb within the gills of Gambusia fish that were specifically subjected to 0.1 and 1 mg/L PbCl(2). The histological structures of eggs and larvae that were subjected to PbCl(2) exhibited impairment in comparison to the control group. The present study observed a significant elevation in cortisol levels among fish specimens that were subjected to PbCl(2) exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this investigation suggest that the occurrence of Pb is linked to a rise in cortisol concentrations in various organs of G. affinis larvae. Furthermore, the research indicates that the exposure to Pb has a notable impact on the histological alterations in the eggs and larvae of Gambusia fish, implying that they are undergoing stress as a result of the Pb exposure.
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spelling pubmed-106918982023-12-02 The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead Adam, Moh Awaludin Soegianto, Agoes Risjani, Yenny Payus, Carolyn Melissa Yoga, R. Gunawan Pratama Sadi, Nina Hermayani Susanti, Evi Khumaidi, Ach Ramli, Ramli Scientifica (Cairo) Research Article BACKGROUND: Aquatic organisms demonstrate a high vulnerability to mortality when exposed to Pb, even at low concentrations. The objective of this investigation is to ascertain the histopathological alterations and cortisol concentrations in diverse tissues of Gambusia affinis, with a specific focus on the eggs and larvae, following exposure to varying concentrations of PbCl(2). METHODS: Adult specimens of G. affinis measuring 5-6 cm in length were obtained from a commercial fish breeding facility. A total of 8 fish with a 1 : 1 ratio of 4 pairs of broodstock were placed in an 8-liter aquarium. Following the adaptation phase, the broodstock underwent a spawning process that lasted for a duration of 7 days. Throughout the spawning process, assessments were conducted on the progression of the abdominal growth of the broodstock. Eggs ready to hatch and Gambusia larvae were taken and exposed to 0.1 mg/L PbCl(2), 1 mg/L PbCl(2), and control (without PbCl(2)) for 24 hours, with three replications. At the end of the experiment, histopathological analysis was conducted using the hematoxylin Ehrlich-eosin staining method and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation. The levels of Pb in gills were determined by employing atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The cortisol concentration in organ samples of fish was determined through the utilization of a cortisol ELISA Kit. RESULTS: The findings of this investigation demonstrated an important bioaccumulation occurrence of Pb within the gills of Gambusia fish that were specifically subjected to 0.1 and 1 mg/L PbCl(2). The histological structures of eggs and larvae that were subjected to PbCl(2) exhibited impairment in comparison to the control group. The present study observed a significant elevation in cortisol levels among fish specimens that were subjected to PbCl(2) exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this investigation suggest that the occurrence of Pb is linked to a rise in cortisol concentrations in various organs of G. affinis larvae. Furthermore, the research indicates that the exposure to Pb has a notable impact on the histological alterations in the eggs and larvae of Gambusia fish, implying that they are undergoing stress as a result of the Pb exposure. Hindawi 2023-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10691898/ /pubmed/38046196 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6649258 Text en Copyright © 2023 Moh Awaludin Adam et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Adam, Moh Awaludin
Soegianto, Agoes
Risjani, Yenny
Payus, Carolyn Melissa
Yoga, R. Gunawan Pratama
Sadi, Nina Hermayani
Susanti, Evi
Khumaidi, Ach
Ramli, Ramli
The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title_full The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title_fullStr The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title_full_unstemmed The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title_short The Cortisol Levels, Histology, and Fine Structure of Various Tissues of Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) after Exposure to Lead
title_sort cortisol levels, histology, and fine structure of various tissues of fish gambusia affinis (baird and girard, 1853) after exposure to lead
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38046196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6649258
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